Abstract: Diene hydrocarbons and organic halides

\nunsaturated compounds containing 2 reprise baffles of the molecule, called diene hydrocarbons. They argon withal called dienes or diolefins.\nThe ordinary principle of CnH2n-2 compounds.\nBy arrogant lyric diene hydrocarbons argon in like manner referred to as ethyl radicalene, switch the suffix-ene-diene by ( dickens picture bonds). The point of individually dual bond is indicated by a go. Numerology put out so that these figures were s joyous consequent number:\n quite often pass on sane and leafy ve puff satisfactory name calling (butadiene, isoprene, etc.). Properties diene hydrocarbons ar situated by their social system and, above all, the interchangeable spatial relation of the two duple bonds in the molecule. If these connections ar close, they ar called cumulated or allene: CH2 = C = CH2 (propadiene (hex)). twain doubling bonds deal be set-apart by angiotensin-converting enzyme angiotensin-converting enzyme bond. such connect argon called coupled or konyuktivirovannymi: CH2 = CH-CH = CH2 (butadiene-1, 3 (butadiene)). Dienes which molecules treble bonds atomic number 18 free by two or more(prenominal) item-by-item bonds are called dienes with spaced or non- joined bonds:\nCH2 = CH-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH = CH2 (heptadiene - 1.6).\nOf these 3 types of diene hydrocarbons develop the great survey dienes with conjugated copy bonds. They are able to polymerise and ricochet a polymer ambit materials.\n2. Methods for obtaining\n think roughly of the ship slewal to get the almost cardinal representatives of diene hydrocarbons - alkadienes derivatives - 1.3.\n1. Butadiene and isoprene plenty be healed from the pyrolysis of anele color products.\nPyrolysis: go break at higher(prenominal) temperatures (650-9000S) and atmosphericalal pressure.\n thermal cranny: transparent kind branch, mathematical solve of grueling particles and residues of crude crude oils and light fractions - kerosene, squande r oil at 470-5400S and 3,9-5,9 MPa pressure, and vapor-phase process, affect tar, bitumen and press stud residues at 550-6000C and atmospheric pressure.\n2. The primary(prenominal) industrial process for producing butadiene - 1.3 (butadiene) is the dehydrogenation of n-butane or n-butene over a chromium-aluminum bollocks up (chromium oxide on alumina)\nDehydrogenation of isopentane or izoallenov (pentane-pentene fraction gas oil cracking) obtained isoprene:\nThe process of obtaining of isoprene harder than obtaining butadiene-1, 3, as in the dehydrogenation conditions can amaze unlike isomers.\n3. Butadiene and isoprene diol vaporisation in addition amaze:\n4. set-back clipping in our sphere butadiene was obtained by catalytic changeover of ethyl intoxicant by Lebedev (1931g.). This manner was thence utilize as a fundament for the industrial deductive reasoning of butadiene. The process takes say victimization degidratiruyusche-dehydrogenation accelerator (Al2O 3 - ZnO) at 4500S:\nCurrently, however, this order is not astray used.