Castle bingo Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

move bingo - Essay ExampleCRM integrates marketing, service and supply-chain functions in ball club to achieve greater efficiency in delivering greater value to discriminating customers. Consequently, CRM improves customer services, facilitates better integrating of marketing tools, increases organisation revenues and reduces costs associated with customer services by a significant level (Richards & Jones, 2008). Castle Bingo and Benefits of Customer Relationship Management (CRM) The three primary elements of CRM have been described hereunder. operable CRM Operational CRM consists of software packages that are used to efficiently arrange inbound and outbound customers interactions. Operational CRM aid in processes connect with sales, customer service, marketing and automating communications. Service automation helps an organisation to manage service operations delivered through with(predicate) web, contact centre and face to face. Some of the significant benefits of operation al CRM to Castle Bingo may hold Sales Force Automation Enterprise marketing Automation Customer Service and Support (Bhatnagar, 2012). analytical CRM Analytical CRM involves analysing customer vital information in order to effectively meet the marketing and customer service goals and deliver appropriate message to the right customer at right time through appropriate channel. The significant benefit of Analytical CRM to Castle Bingo may involve Customer safekeeping Segmentation and targeting Development of new products according to the customers specifications (Bhatnagar, 2012). Collaborative CRM Collaborative CRM comprises the system that facilitates customers to come various services on their own through variety of interaction channels. It renders people process as well as data together and further facilities in channelling the data along with customer related information for ensuring proactive decision making. It ensures timely sharing of information and results in enhanced cus tomer services. The study benefits of Collaborative CRM to Castle Bingo may involve Providing effective customer communication across divergent channels, Increases the efficiency of online services and help in reducing customers service costs associated with offline services and Facilitate in better access to customers data during the time of interaction with customers (Bhatnagar, 2012). The Principles of Big Data and Metrics The data determined decision-making is currently being widely recognized and is viewed to be an increasing enthusiastic aspect related with the flightiness of Big Data. Big Data refers to traditional enterprise data which comprises valuable information regarding the nature of the customers that is discovered through CRM systems, web store transactions, ERP data as well as general ledger data. Furthermore, it in addition includes social data such as customers feedback streams, micro blogging internet sites alike(p) Twitter and social media like Facebook ( Dijcks, 2012). The perception of Big Data can primarily be attributed with four principles that have been discussed below. More granulose Information or Micro Segmentation The principle of micro segmentation can be

Aerodynamics and propulsion Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Aerodynamics and propulsion - Research Paper ExampleLift is a hurtle generally associated with an object moving inside the fluid, with the direction being either vertical or in some cases, perpendicular to the direction of motion. A classic example of where vellicate is used is the wings of an aircraft. As the aircraft touch offs horizontally, the shape of the wings create a pressure gradient beneath its come about and bottom show, accordingly creating a vertically upwards force (Munson, Young and Okiishi). When an object moves through a fluid, it mostly experiences a force due to the pressure forces acting on the body. If the forces ar acting on opposite ends of disparate magnitudes, they tend to create a net pressure force. For a symmetric object moving in a fluid, with its line of symmetry being parallel to the direction of motion of the fluid, no enhance would be generated because the forces would cancel each other. Hence, to create a lift force, a symmetric object must take up its line of symmetry at an angle to the direction of motion, or be non-symmetric. Non-symmetric objects may also move at an angle inside the fluid, and this angel is called the angle of attack (Munson, Young and Okiishi). In the case of an aerofoil which is depicted below, it can be seen that the section of the top surface over which air is flowing is great than the area of the bottom surface. To ensure that conservation of mass is not violated, the speed of the air at the top is increased so that the total horizontal displacement of the air at the top and bottom are the same (Abhinav). ... The lift coefficient is a key factor for objects that create lift. It depends on shape, the fluid properties and the surface roughness. A general expression for this coefficient is given as Where Re is the ratio of inertial forces to viscous forces Fr is the Froude number, the confine between inertia forces and gravitational forces Ma is the speed of the fluid relative to the speed of sound in that fluid and is a measure of surface roughness (Munson, Young and Okiishi). In other words, the fluids temperature, compactness, speed, viscosity, as well as the shape of the object, surface roughness and angle of attack, amongst other things, have a say in the determination of the lift forces. b) Describe how atmospheric parameters (temperature, pressure, density) affect the generation of lift and pull as an aircraft gains altitude? As discussed previously, the fluids temperature, density, speed, viscosity, as well as the shape of the object, surface roughness and angle of attack, amongst other things, have a say in the determination of the lift forces. permit us now discuss the effects of a few these parameters on the lift force and lift coefficient. Coming back to the case of the aircraft as the aircraft moves at a higher altitude, where the air is thinner and less(prenominal) dense because of the gravitational effects forcing the mass of air to move downwards, the lift force, which is directly proportional to the density of the fluid, decreases with the decrease in density. Another factor is temperature. At higher elevations, the temperature of the air is lower, which creates an increase in density, the lift force is likely to

Freedom and Determinism Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Freedom and Determinism - Essay ExampleThrough determinism concept, freedom is drive by several aspects in human live including moral status, past life experience, physical factors, theological matters, biological concerns and so on. However, criminals also try all evasion avenues possible to escape any convictions, peradventure using their lawyers. With this understanding, the stand of the attorney usual and the jury that Penrys behavior may be a arrangement purposed to deception, as opposed to arguments on childhood abuse and diminished mental capacity may be worth. Penrys side felt that his behavior was as a result of mental disturbance, with the other side believe that the behavior was out of ignorance but not mental retardation. Penrys lawyers hold that moral responsibility depends on mental stability. They suggest that the case should be waved because could the accused be smart mentally, so the crime could not reward adorn (Doob, 2006, 11).Several aspects of determinism gage be used to explain the varied views and opinions of the two sides. Nomological or causative determinism can be used to necessitate and explain present and past events. The horrific intervention of Penry by his mother should stick out impacted on the counseling he behaved by the belief that the past can influence the present. This is backed by scientific determinism or deterministic dogma which provides that cause, effect and precise eventual(prenominal) combination engenders particular outcomes at given moments. Events that Penry underwent at young ages accumulated to influence his behavior. Horrific treatment of the accused by his mother tells us what character the mother was. Biological determinism argues that desire, belief and behavior of an undivided can be mould by endowment of genetics (Doob, 2006, 13). As a result, Penry may have inherited bad habits from her mother. In defining a disease, genetics is treated as a resilient element, meaning that ailments are lin ked to genetics. In theological determinism, daily happens are determined by God. This takes place through a form of omniscience, knowing ones actions in advance and decreeing ones actions in advance. The controversy of this determinism is how free result can be deemed free when someone has already planned for it. Thus it can be argued that this is the way God programmed the life of Penry. The above concepts of determinism link it to excuses of behaving unethically. Hard determinism applies environmental and hereditary means in influencing morality. Therefore, heap do not have to belief ethically if they dont believe in uncaused free will. cheeselike determinists say that causation isnt acted unpredictably neither should it be viewed as compulsory or else a backwardness (Doob, 2006, 12). Based on the above facts about determinism, prosecution judges should be very careful in establishing whether the conduct of the accused was genuine. This is the starting point for fairness to b oth sides and legal system itself. In the resembling line of thought, the society requires justice from legal institutions. These institutions are primarily set up to safeguard the rights of individuals and the general society. As above stated, the jury should take time to determine what made the man behave this way. If it was intentional, then the man is a potential threat to the society, indicating

Policy, planning and development for tourism Case Study

Policy, planning and growing for touristry - Case Study ExampleIn the s push throughhern part of Australia, there is an island, Kangaroo Island, commonly known for its copiousness in wildlife animals and tourists flock there every year for various reasons (Ritchie and Crouch, 200355). This paper entrust seek to will provide a report detailing policy, planning, and development for touristry in Kangaroo Island.The Kangaroo Island covers a wide area, as it is 155 kilometers long, 55 kilometers wide, and has a permanent population count of about 4,400 people. One can mold the Kangaroo Island at the far end of South Australia. Additionally, 47 percent of its vegetation is natively original while 57 percent is under the protection of the National and Conservation Parks (Jack, 20058). Studies carried out by a compute of researchers recorded that, the Kangaroo Island received many tourists in the year 2003, which amounted to 180,915 people (Brown, 2006101). After doping some analysis, these researchers imbed out that 26 percent of those tourists were international visitors and that was expected to surpass 60 percent by the end of 2011 (Miller and Twining-Ward, 2005207). This mode that Kangaroo Island is indeed a tourists destination area, which does not only require a development plan, but also an implementation platform.Upon giving the Kangaroo Island study a closer outlook, it emerged that kind of development found or seen in this area has come with a price. Pertinently, for it to look the way it does there must be concerted efforts from some stakeholders. As of today, the Kangaroo Island has an innovative program responsible for developing and monitoring the influence of tourism (Beeton, 200536). It is also responsible for ensuring sustainable tourism development in this island as currently the tourism pains is working towards setting measures responsible for maintaining a sustainable ecology. At Kangaroo Island, there

Case Study International Business Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Case Study International Business - Essay manikinint in time, the only way of achieving such a goal was to integrate with the market in the homogeneous way that IBM was operating within the domestic market.One of the main reasons for why this classical approach was no longer working for IBM as soon as the early 1990s had to do with the fact that the piece was becoming increasingly globalized. In addition to the collapse of the Soviet Union, the interaction and integration between economies and occupancy entities throughout the world had been on a dramatic increase so much so that continuing to operate by the classical model with no longer yield the same level of favourableness that IBM had been able to appreciate in the past. Naturally, in order to survive in this new climate change, IBM cut it necessary to integrate a more global Outlook. In much the same way that authentic businesses fail due to the fact that they are not able to change with the times, IBMs on the indispens ability of change and instantly integrated with it so that the risk of not changing could be ameliorated.The first and or so obvious strategic advantage to IBM of globally integrating its strategy has to do with the fact that it will be able to take advantage of the peculiar aspects that certain markets exhibit. For instance, within China, a relatively low terms level of production has been established. By means of comparison and contrast, expertise and development has been created within India. By utilizing these unique realities within the global market, IBMs strategy drop be more closely honed to the expertise that it can draw from as well as the unique dynamics and demands of its consumer base.From an analysis of the framework, it is clear and apparent that IBM is wholeheartedly pursuing a level of diversification, change, globalization, and development. Even though the industry could clearly be categorized as an established firm that has been able to accrue a wide level of profitability from various consumers in the past, it understood the fact

Crusading Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Crusading - Essay ExampleThus, the motion indulgence initially was identical to that ensured by the pilgrimage to the dedicated places. The Crusades, which meant fighting for the defence of Christians, came to be considered as a work of piety. Political and military success was of little importance.Pope Urban II solemnly proclaimed the first crusade at the council of Clermont on 27th Nov. 1095 with a double objective, namely to ameliorate the pressure of the Seljuk Turks on the Eastern Empire and to secure free access to Jerusalem for pilgrims since the last mentioned were abused and robbed by the Moslems and Arabs. He promised full remission of sins to all joining in the expedition. This call was in response to Alexius I call for help (Alexius Byzantine emperor - Byzantine Empire under round off from the Turks).This crusade was the most successful from the military point from the military point. The historian Raymond Agiles describing the capture of Jerusalem by the crusaders i n 1099 wrote that some of our men cut off the heads of their enemies former(a)s shot them with arrows, so that they fell from the towers others tortured them monthlong by casting them into the flames. Piles of heads, hands and feet were to be seen in the streets of the city. It was necessary to pick ones way oer the bodies of men and horses. However, these were small matters compared to what happened at the temple of Solomon, a place where unearthly services were ordinarily chanted. What happened there If I tell the truth, it will exceed your powers of belief. So let it suffice to say this much at least, that in the temple and portico of Solomon, men rode in blood up to their knees and bridle reins.1The Crusades took on a spic-and-span meaning later on. It became a military expedition and no longer a pilgrimage of deprive pilgrims. The Church moved away from the sole aim of the crusades which was the liberation of the Holy Land from the invasion of the Turks and it began apply the Crusades to serve the churchs own interest. Preaching of crusades became a device used by the church against the enemy states of the church. personalized enemies of the churches high-powered officials were sent on pilgrimages with the hope that you do not come back however, the means by which your death is brought about. The crusades increased the powers of European kings in that a number of barons who had given them trouble were sent to the east.Holy wars were authorised by the Popes in defence of the Christendom and the church. The crusades were used to defend the church against the infidels in the East, Germany and Spain, against heretics (Albigenses) and schematics who threatened Catholic unity and against Christian lay powers who opposed the papacy. They were also used to defend the Papal States.The crusades started with a religious reason but it deteriorated to selfish reasons. These could be attributed to many reasons. The Papal States had to protect its territories fro m invasion by other states so it used the crusades as a papal military defence operation to defend these territories and the

Organizational improvement plan part 3 Research Paper

Organizational improvement think part 3 - Research Paper ExampleThis paper will look into the institutions measures to reduce the settle down place by integrating quality improvement strategies in performance measures, applying learning technology, and involving benchmark and milestones. Methodologies for integrate Quality Improvement in Performance Measurement Quality improvement strategies achieve their full say-so when they are part of the performance measurement. This plan tries to avoid duplicating ideas in the methods of integration to prevent unnecessary bewilderment on providers and confusion among consumers (Board on Healthcare Services, 2006, p. 83) present in other medical institutions plans. In doing so, the plan will focus on the most important elements identified to decrease patient fall rates and achieve the hospitals ideal rate. Three quality improvement strategies, audit and feedback, patient tuition, and provider education, can be beneficial when used in per formance measurements such as fulfill measures and consequent measures. Process measures are useful to quantify the delivery of recommended procedures or service (Institute of Medicine et al., 2003, p. ... For instance, provider education is a priority when the center wants to transfer efficiency to patient education as part of the process measures. An advantage of having a framework is that it lessens duplicating quality of the aims however, it has less to do with the actual performance of methodology. Public reportage is another method to improve the plans decrease of patient fall rate. This method seek to inform consumer choice and stimulate provider improvement (Smith, Mossailos, & Papanicolas, 2008, p. 10). The method requires full participation of the consumers to relieve oneself adapted information to assess the provider. However, the reports proved to have very little impact on the behavior of practitioners or organizations (Smith, Mossailos, & Papanicolas, 2008, p. 11 ) when the practitioners are unaware of how the initiative goes and there is little or no financial incentive wedded to it, which in turn, would make the method useless and a waste of effort. Using information systems or data gathering is the initial process of quality improvement (Smith, Mossailos, & Papanicolas, 2008). Through it, providers would have an overview on which aspect they have to improve. This is beneficial because it improves the institution as a whole, using technology. However, technology is rapidly advancing and keeping with the in vogue(p) developments would mean a large sum of investment (Smith, Mossailos, & Papanicolas, 2008). Financial budgeting would be a problem, if not shoulder by a bigger organization or the government. These methodologies are interconnected and all include information dissemination and organized practice. Taking into consideration this institution organizational

Ports of Auckland industrial dispute and Part B as well Assignment

Ports of Auckland industrial dispute and Part B as well - Assignment Examplee Port of Auckland precious to compete with its closest rival, which is the Port of Tauranga by increasing its operational efficiency and increasing its production levels (Ports of Auckland, 2012).Ideally, both worker belonging to a union has the right to negotiate for an employment contract as provided in the collective employment agreement on meaning that the Port of Auckland employees were within their rights to seek a renewing of their contracts through their union (Blackstock, 2012). During the course of the strike action by the Port of Auckland employees, several parties developed an touch in the case, each citing various reasons for their involvement in the matter. In this part of the research, this essay will order the various parties convolute in the dispute and outline the key issues that propelled this action. Further, the focus will be on collective bargaining strategies and tactics used by t he interested parties to the industrial action and the four engagement theories that are relevant in explaining the dialogue process and are able to influence the outcomes of industrial disputes.The principleparty involved in the dispute were the workers whose employment contracts had ended and their families as this action affected directly as compared to either other party. The second party whose involvement could not be avoided was the port itself, meaning that the Ports of Auckland had to be a party to the dispute. Ideally, the port began operations in 1988, and has grown to be one of the largest ports in New Zealand, as its location is in one of the principle cities in the country (Ports of Auckland, 2012). Ownership and control of the port is by the Auckland Council Investments Ltd, which holds significant shares in the port. The third party to the dispute was the Maritime Union of New Zealand in which its straits mandate was to spearhead the negotiations for their members to their employer (MUNZ, 2013). The union is a result of a merger in 2002 between

Write a case study on a small group, community, or organization

save a on a small group, community, or organization - Case Study ExampleThe topic is a comprehensive explanation of the mode of interaction between the American Indians and the rest of Americans.The American Indians atomic number 18 the indigenous inhabitants in the United States of America. They are distinct from the rest of the Americans because they preserve their traditions and are not slowly influenced by the modern technology. California in 2000 had the largest population of American Indians. The census report of that year indicated that in that location were 628,000 American Indians in total. The American Indians are composed of numerous distinct tribes and ethnic groups whose migration happened over thousands of geezerhood ago. It involved different groups which are usually referred to as Native Americans or the American Indian. These people traverse over from Asia through a frozen land bridge to the modern day Russia which was by whence still part of northern America. They later migrated to Alaska as the ice began to decline thus making them effort even further to the southern part. These migrants eventually settled in the modern days United States. payable to their conservative nature, American Indians are regarded as uncivilized by majority of the rest of Americans. But they place their practices since they attach them to identity and unity symbols. Just like all the other communities, they adhere to various favorable concepts and theories. This is because they have to interact with the rest of the Americans thus making them venerable to internal and external influences. The social concepts and theories use in various levels and aspects of the American Indians lives just like in other social units.Amongst the theories affecting American Indians is the conflict theory. The theory argues that in any society, people do not coexist in search of equilibrium where everybody receives an equal share of resources. It further states that people li ve competitively with everyone trying to outdo the other with the weakest

The Correlation between obesity and poverty Annotated Bibliography

The Correlation between obesity and poverty - Annotated Bibliography grammatical caseThe BMI of normal people lyings below 25 kg/m2 (Kopelman, Caterson, & Dietz, 2010). According to Smith (2009), the BMI of an overweight several(prenominal) lie between 25 kg/m2and 30 kg/m2, while the BMI of individuals scathe from obesity exceeds 30 kg/m2. Through studies, it has become apparent that obesity checks with poverty.According to Smith (2009), poverty can lead to obesity, and at the same beat, obesity can lead to poverty. Studies get down shown that obesity and poverty can have a direct or indirect influence on each separate. It is apparent that overweight and obesity correlate with poverty because most people do not afford healthier diets (Lane, 2006). Based on calories diets unruffled of fish, whole grains, and fresh fruits and vegetables enhance normal health, but they are far more expensive than diets consisting added fats, added sugars, and refine grains (Lane, 2006). In som e American communities, local convenience stores do not offer vegetables, fruits, or other fresh, whole, and real foods. In an urban setting, an individual should have a car in order to approaching real foods that rural markets offer. Research shows that an attempt to reduce food expenditure tends to drive individuals toward added fats, added sugars, and refined grains, which have a likelihood of causing obesity.On the other hand, being obese can make an individual poor because obesity and overweight bring about various kinds of sicknesses. Sick individuals spend most of their time in hospitals and other health institutions, thus such individuals are not economically productive (Bolin & Cawley, 2007). Diseases associated with obesity include heart disease, type 2 diabetes, obstructive sleep apnea, osteoarthritis, and cancer (Blass, 2008). Those people who are suffering from obesity related ailments develop a weak health and cannot be able to contribute toward income times in a sig nificant manner. Diseases such as diabetes, heart

Who commits crimes Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Who commits crimes - Essay Example accord to Wolfgang, Figlio, and Sellin, (1987) a small character of offenders commits a large proportion of sorry offenses. Stated in other way, there are only a few individuals who are repeat offenders or biography criminals. The uncouth perception of most people is that more criminals equal more crimes, but the theorists above have be otherwise. Based on studies they have conducted, they advocate that only a number of crimes may actually be attributed to a few people. Their findings are important in the sense that they show the pattern of behavior that we empennage expect from potential career criminals. Their study points out that most of these career criminals come from a unforesightful background, have a history of delinquency, and have a lower grade point average bit they are in high school. In possibly understanding and curtailing criminal tendencies in potential career criminals, we look into the problem children in school. In the cohort study conducted by Wolfgang and his associates, they uncovered that many of the manly offenders were arrested only once or twice, about 19% of the offenders were repeat offenders, and a very small percentage about 6% were arrested 5 or more times (Wolfgang, 1972, as quoted by Spelman, 1993). Their study implies that we potty unearth career criminals by looking into a small percentage of people in the criminal pool. They are the ones we need to worry about because the criminal justice system has become ineffective in rehabilitating them. In a big way, their time in jail may have actually do them hardened criminals. Their findings also indicate how important it is for us to identify and establish factors which may invite and mental strain criminal behavior. Simply looking into a persons race, social class, gender, and age is not affluent in order to predict criminal behavior. By tracing the pattern of behavior of one criminal, it entrust tell us a lot about whether or no t he is a potential career criminal (Hagan,

Technology Does Wonderful Things For People But It Also Enables Them Research Paper

Technology Does Wonderful Things For People unless It Also Enables Them to Isolate Themselves - Research Paper ExampleAlthough technology has helped in the phylogeny of the world, the recent arguments charge technology to impose certain ill-effects by isolating people restricting them to socialize. The arguments have mostly been intemperate on the grounds that people get socially isolated owing to their favoritism of game consoles or their experiences of internet bullying (How Technology Affects Us). Thesis Statement The discussion would emphasize on the development of technology and correspondingly on its role in causing social isolation. Stating precisely, the objective of the essay would be to evaluate the reality behind accusing technology to cause isolation among individuals in the current sidereal day context. Thus, the discussion henceforth will attempt to analyze the various advantages and limitations of technology which oddly concentrates on its functions as a means of communication and a driver of globalization. Discussion Social isolation is referred to the act of evolution a gap or distance between an individual and their belonging community which further results in lessened interaction of people with their surroundings. In the modern phenomenon, one frequently attributed reason for social isolation, especially among teenagers has been indicated towards the ill-effects of rapidly increasing influence of technology on modern lifestyles. It has been thus argued that people are get immensely attached to game consoles as well as social networking sites which cause a banish impact on the society in terms of isolating individuals by limiting their reasons to interact with the outside world (Biordi & Nicholson 68-115). Conversely, from a generalized perspective, the advancement of technology has been signified to facilitate better interaction of communities end-to-end the world involving web services as well as mobile phones. For instance, the n umerous social networking sites such as Facebook, Twitter, Friendster, Linkedin, MySpace and Spoke are immensely popular among people today. These sites are mainly used with the aspiration of inter playing with people anywhere in the world which apparently presents an opposing perspective towards the criticism of technology acting as a causing factor of social isolation (Social Networking Sites More Harm than soundly?). However, stating for or in favor of the argued statement, human beings are revealed to get immensely attached to televisions and game consoles which restricts them from socialisation within the community and their surroundings. Today, people are getting hugely immersed with technological gadgets which cause a blackball impact on the socializing activities of individuals. For instance, technology advancements as video games have immensely affected the boyish generation as well as adults being increasingly preferred as relaxation activities by people. It is in th is context that recent researches reveal playing video games continuously as well as deciphering excessive dependence on it may cause an individual to minimize interaction with their surroundings. Hence, in a way, playing excessive video games may isolate an individual from the society. It may also develop an disapproving affect on the behavior of an individual as many games may be designed with the comprehension of violent contents. Apart from isolating

Marketing management for the service industry Lab Report

Marketing management for the service industry - Lab Report Examplebanian tree manoeuvre Hotels and Resorts are among the main players in the Asian Tourist markets and, since, its entry in 1994, it has grown at a tremendous rate to establish a global brand. It is founded by Mr. Ho Kwon Ping and his wife Mrs. Claire Chiang. The caller-up operates in a numbers of countries including Singapore, Australia, Ind cardinalsia and Thailand where it has established a strong presence. As a result of its victor especially in providing completely step services in an environmental friendly manner, in addition its merchandising strategy, a case study on the company is going to be analyzed, researched. An analysis will be offered in relations to the companys services and marketing strategy. B. Facilities and Services of BTR Banyan Tree Resorts (BTR) currently offers a wide array of facilities and services that can constitute to a luxury resort hold up. This is more than so when related to the prices they are offering and the type of market or clients that are targeted and access services. A luxurious resort experience contains a number of things ranging from the type of services, the quality of services, the price offered, type and quality of facilities available among others. In relation to this, the following discussions identifies the services and facilities at BTR and provides the justifications for the reasons why the two (services and facilities) constitute to a luxurious resort experience. B1. Facilities The BTR resorts around Asia offer a variety of facilities that enhance the experience of clients to a whole new aim. First and Fore roughly, the resorts units are mostly constructed on born(p) environments that involve making minor adjustments such as including a few added artificial features or removing a few natural features. This is, when the units are constructed, it involves removing a few of natural aspects that might not provide a comfortable experience and at the same time, add a few artificial aspects such as electricity ignition among others. This in addition with the use of local furnishings created from local materials constitutes to a natural, peaceful, relaxing and enjoyable experience. The location and wind of the resort units is usually one of the key contributing factors of a luxurious resort experience that most hotels in crowded and noisy cities are unable to provide. This feature is in line with the companys vision and mission of providing clients with an experience that meets their five senses and most notably, their smell, sight and sound where breath taking examine and breezes offer an unforgettable experience. Secondly, BTR offers holiday resort galleries that are branded as Banyan Tree spa. This facility is one of the most exquisite features in the resort and guarantees its clients a memorable and luxurious experience. The fourth sense of bit and personal rejuvenation are experienced by clients is a courtesy to this facility. In addition, the type of products, level and quality of expertise offered by the staff in these facilities make the experience more unforgettable, luxurious and enjoyable. For the pastime of this facility, BTR has an academy where it trains local experts for different services and most notably the massage services. Thirdly, BTR especially in its Banyan Tree Phuket Resort has a Banyan Tree Gallery brand concepts that are closely associated with the spa facility, where it is mainly concerned with retailing massage oils, skin and body lotions among other products. These

Application week 1 class 8110 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Application week 1 path 8110 - Essay ExampleThe general idea is to work up high levels of wellness maintaining comfort and dignity. This paper tries to doctor the close relationship between the overall nurse philosophies and their impact on my beliefs and views. The paper also elaborates on the relationship that exists between philosophy and knowledge development in the context of the treat practise. My personal philosophic influences in relation to this weeks readings Personally, I have always considered nursing as an fortune to develop high levels of wellbeing by providing c atomic number 18 and assistance to groups, families, and individuals. With this in mind, the aspects of my nursing philosophy are influenced by respect, knowledge, time management, skills, honesty, caring, and compassion. My main philosophical power to maintaining all these values relies on the belief that nursing is a discipline that requires both formal knowledge and life experience. The readings on n ursing philosophy furnish a broad spectrum of information, which has a hearty impact on my views. The opinions expressed in the articles and course tends to check to my beliefs and views of the nursing practice. ... This is after I went through Nightingales philosophies that stirred up some significant research, which leads us to the current nursing philosophies that are adopted by a large number of people. 1 other significant revelation that reshaped my views is the link between nursing science and philosophy. This was brought out by Grove, Burns, and Gray, (2013), whose text places an emphasis on the importance to appraise research and use of evidence based practice. A distributor point that was clarified by Isaacs, Ploeg, and Tompkins, (2009) nursing science, which is accompanied by research, needs guidance from a philosophical basis. I still believe that neglecting the philosophy of nursing places the discipline as risk, and there is a need for scientific methods to coexist alongside philosophical inquiry (Pesut & Johnson, 2008). Nursing philosophical foundations influence on my nursing practice The American Nursing Association describes nursing as, promotion, protection, and ability to prevent disease and injury. Further, it alleviates suffering through diagnosing and treatment of humans in the care of communities, populations, individuals, and families (American Nurses Association, 2004). From this description, it is common for most people to engage in the nursing career with the idea of helping or caring for families, individuals, and groups experiencing health related problems. It is around these views that the Nursing philosophical foundations build upon, for example, to achieve the nursing objectives nurses need to utilize the nursing opportunities, and methods in using evidence-based practice to develop high levels of wellness. As I had indicated

Management and organizational behavior review and periodicals Essay

Management and organisational behavior review and periodicals - Essay Example regular(a) in this electronic age when one tail access all the information on earnings the importance of a good text cannot be ignored. Recommended Text hold in on Management and organisational Behavior It is difficult for the focus students to find the best and the most comprehensive set asides on focus and organizational behavior. Books on management often fail to cover the subject of organizational behavior completely. There atomic number 18 some tidingss that either revolves around management and basic concepts of management or organizational behavior. However, there are only few ledgers that fully cater the needs of the management students on these topics together. Management and Organizational Behavior, is a comprehensive text book by Curtis W. Cook and Phillip L. Hunsaker that fits well with the needs of management students. How This Book is preposterous and Different This book provides a complete source of information to the students of business management. Each chapter in this book is explained in uncomplicated and easy oral communication with different charts, tables and models. It is hard to find such a simplistic book on the most complicated and hard subject. Many students find it difficult to understand the substance concepts, ideas and different theories but in this book, authors render comprehensively elaborated each and every point with examples and simple models. In short, we can say that this books matches perfectly with the curriculum and other study requirements of the students. Table of Contents This book is comprised of total 15 chapters. Each chapter defines and highlights a new concept with examples from corporate world on management and business. The table of contents is comprised of the following chapters Chapter 1Managing People and Organizations Chapter 2Strategic Thinking, Planning & Continuous approach Chapter 3Organizing Work and People Chapter 4Creating and Modifying Organizational Culture Chapter 5Perception, Learning and Personality Chapter 6Motivation Chapter 7 Motivation, Methods and Applications Chapter 8Communicating for Understanding and Results Chapter 9Creating Productive Interpersonal Relations Chapter 10Building Groups into Teams Chapter 11Conflict Management and Negotiations Chapter 12Ethical Problem Solving and Decision make Chapter 13Power and Politics Chapter 14Leadership Chapter 15Change The Core Concept of the Book This book discusses different ideas, principles and concepts that are used in the implementation of an effective management within an organization. This book helps the students to understand the core concepts of an effective management system and organization in a simple focussing that how managers can play an effective role in an organization, how to deal with the cultural diversity, motivate an employee and how one can strategize the policies effectively to attain an organizations g oals and objectives. It is often hard for the management students to understand the basic concepts of management and organizational behavior as well as to build a relation between the two. The language used by the authors is simple and easily understandable even for the foreign students. At various places the authors work used some technical business terms which make the book more professionally themed in order to develop the knowledge of the corporate world in the minds of the students and to prepare them for the professional world. However, the authors of this book have comprehensively

Benefits and Risks of Using the Internet Essay Example for Free

Benefits and Risks of Using the net income EssayWhat ar the benefits and risks of using the Internet as a seeded player of informationwhen piece assignments for Masters programmes?Searching for information on the Internet is a methodology when writing essays for Masters programmes. Obviously, both the advantages and disadvantages of this methodology spate be found.The merits of using the Internet are obvious. It is real likely that MSc students are able to find more materials on the Internet quickly and conveniently. The broad amount of information is just a click away from the assignment writers. As for MSc students, they can search the e-library of their university and other data base from around the world. Furthermore, all of this work can be do at home within few minutes. Besides, the information on the Internet is always more smart than that in books, because the forms of information are various. There are video materials, audio materials, image materials and so on . In these forms, it is more easily for students to understand the theoretical content of their programmes, because Masters programmes are hard to understand.On the other hand, I would agree that there are drawbacks to using the Internet. Admittedly, because of convenience, the writers tend to rely on souce materials or else of creating by themselves. Whats worse, some writers even plagiarize other people achievements. In addition, some materials from the Internet may be inaccurate or even wrong, which might mislead MSc students.In sum, students are the beneficiaries of the Internet, although misusing the Internet as a source of information is harmful. Therefore, MSc students should use the Internet carefully in terms of finding source materials for assignment.

Technology and its advantages Essay Example for Free

Technology and its advantages EssaySince the Industrial Revolution, technology has served as a tool to mend the standard of living in most countries. We receive a lot of benefits from juvenile technology in everyday life. The benefit posterior be so great that you notice it, or something small you feces take for granted. Modern technology has solved many problems that people face and play an important habit in the development of many countries. Modern technologies create many kinds of products and besides a heated controversy. Computers, clone technology, and video games be some of these technologies.Joshua Quittner writes about the benefits and problems of computer technology in his essay Invasion of solitude (353). He demonstrates how useful computers are and also how to eliminate problems related to computer use. He insists that the benefits of electronic technologies are worth to the risk of being deprived of his privacy (Quittner 356). In fact, electronic technologi es seem almost undeniable in todays partnership.Other technologies wealthy person also contributed to solve other problems as well. For instance, Lee M. silver-tongued states that clone is a proper operation under the right procedure (364). Although he points out that it lead be disastrous if cloning operations are used abusively, he stresses in his essay Jennifer and Rachel that cloning is dear for a person who wants to have a child but has problems conceiving one ( capital 363).In When life imitates video, toilette Leo maintains that barbaric games reflect recent cruel crimes (360). Because of this, some people are very wakeful about the use of those advanced technologies and stressing the drawbacks of them. Most of the drawbacks are preventable with the right education and legal restrictions. Moreover, youthful technology becomes not just beneficial but almost essential in recent society because of its great advantages. Providing our society with convenience, unassaila blety, and making many things possible are three examples of advantages that modern technology brings us. star of the advantages of modern technology is its convenience. Quittnerwrites how people receive benefits from the electric technology in their daily life (354). He ripostes examples such(prenominal) as ATM, E-Z pass, and online service and shop (Quittner 354). The benefits are common and we take this convenience for granted as a part of everyday life. However, this was not natural fifty years ago. Before, people needed to clench in a long line at the counter of a teller before withdrawing money. Today, in busy days during Christmas season, people can order a present on line from a computer. They can see a big smile of their family member by giving the present on time. Besides, one can compare cheaper and better goods on line instead of going several shopping malls. This is impossible without modern technology.Of course, there are drawbacks of electric technology such as a d ivision of privacy. However, they are preventable. Quittner suggests paying cash instead of using credit cards, or refusing to divulge Social bail number as some examples on how to prevent leaks of private information (356). He also mentions that defend the privacy of E-mail by encrypting it with secret codes so powerful that even the National Security Agencys supercomputers would have a hard time cracking it. (Quittner 357). According to Quittner, this kind of code is legal within the U.S.(357). So if the law for protecting from leaking privacy by electric technology is made universally, the problem of leaking privacy go forward lessen considerably. I agree with Quittner that the issue of privacy relating to electric technology is mostly preventable by self-protection and legal restriction.Another advantage of technology is to provide society with safety. John Leo warns the likely problem of modern technology such as video game (359). On the contrary, he also partly admits a dvantages of modern technology if used as a safe tool (Leo 360). For example, he mentions that the phalanx uses shooting games of high quality in their practice (Leo 360). This kind of simulation game is used in aviation practice as well. Repetitious practice of flight games before practical flight leave alone provide the trainees more safety than to beginners with no practice. This will give less injury or chance in flight training. The drawback of this technology warned Leo, is moral deprivation of young children who cannot make a clear specialization amongst the virtual and real world (Leo 360).As a result, there is the possibility that they capacity open a cruel crime like the massacre in theLittleton without hesitation (Leo 360). However, the connection between the violent game and crime is just a hypothetical possibility. It is natural to think that the cause is relationship between children and grown-ups around them including their parents and their communities. To the certain age when children have a sense of true and false, it is the responsibility of grown-ups to keep them away from violent games. We need to think about relationships with children and their moral education instead of blaming modern technology like video games.The greatest advantage of modern technology is to make impossible things possible. Lee M. Silver writes a story about a single woman called Jennifer who gives birth to her clone called Rachel in his writing Jennifer and Rachel(362). Silver insists the benefit of the technology is to grant a child for infertile people or for someone who wants a child but has no chance to have one. Modern technology contributes to the well being of minorities such as homosexual couples and infertile couples (Silver 364). Silver also mentions the cloned sheep named Dolly. Modern technology including clone technology could give a way to save the world from starvation (365). Cloned cows with traits of cows producing abundant milk will provide s table milk supply to developing countries.Or, other modern technology including genetically special food also will provide a more stable food supply of plants and vegetables resistive to cold climate and bugs. People in the developing countries can secure stable food supply and commodity. People insist there might be an ethical issue, however, the fact that technology has brought new options is undoubted. Again, although Silver refers to technology abuse problem relating to modern technology (367), this also can be controlled by emphasizing education and making a new law. Only shifting the society along with the technology changes can solve the problems related to modern technology. It is not the problem of modern technology itself.Modern technologies have settled or lessened many problems and difficulties of the society by its advantages. Making society more convenient and safe and making impossible things possible are similar features of the change which previous people have undergo by social change, like shifting froma hunting society to an agricultural society and establishing a commercial society due to the invention of new tools. To consider these advantages and change of society, modern technology, which we use today, might be not only a new tool but also the tool, which makes a spectacular change in history. There might be social problems generated by inability to correspond with modern technology use. However, the contribution of modern technology to society should not be eliminated and should be distributed evenly.

Reality of Teaching and Learning Pronunciation Essay Example for Free

Reality of Teaching and L headning Pronunciation Essay rule of the field of honor Nowadays, with the rapid pace of integration and globalization, side of meat fuck offs a golden key to open the admittance of umpteen fields such(prenominal) as commerce, communion, science and technology throughout the world. Therefore, to graceful the demand of the society, it is precise necessary to teach side in informs at all levels.And the highest tar bum just about is to get swell in communication. If nonp atomic number 18il wants to get winning in communication, he essential be good at orthoepy a threshold level of orthoepy in incline such that if a given non- ingrained speakers orthoepy falls below this level, he or she will not be open to communicate orally no matter how good his or her control of side of meat grammar and vocabulary might be (Celce-Murcia, 19875). In the field of terminology doctrine, the role of orthoepy has varied widely from having virtually n o role in the grammar-translation method to being the central focus in the audio-lingual method where emphasis is on the handed-down notions of orthoepy, minimal jibes, drills and short conversations. The growing emphasis on communicative approaches for the statement of English has placed high demands for correct orthoepy. Despite this position, at the upper-secondary drill level in Vietnam, in manner of speaking tenet and cultivation, comp ard with vocabulary, grammar and wrangle skills, pronunciation has so far been paid less attention to.In the official textual matters used for doctrine English at high school level, on that point are a few exercises for pronunciation practice. To brace the matter worse, all of the essence(predicate) English tests at schools as well as the entrance test to universities are al agentitys in written form so about instructors as well as students receive little indigence to teach and to check up on pronunciation. As a result, st udents are often faint and unconfident to speak in English. And that is the reason why the effectiveness of precept pronunciation still rebrinys i of the most widely troubleatic subjects in the field of language commandment. Coping with this pressing fact, as a language teacher belief English at Quynh Coi high school (QCHS), the creator al slipway thinks of nigh burning questions in language precept and skill, what is the leave situation of instruct and reading pronunciation at high school level in QCHS? What are the problems teachers and students example in educational activity and encyclopedism pronunciation? How to find suitable methods to teach pronunciation? What should teachers do to teach pronunciation effectively? How should teachers make students be stick with interested in acquisition pronunciation?The answers to these questions will help language teachers correct their students pronunciation as well as help them make progress in effective communication. For the above reasons, the author decides to restrain out the say entitled The reality of teach and scholarship pronunciation at Quynh Coi high school problems and solutions. 1. 2 Aims of the study The main purpose of this study is to dis whirligig the reality of teaching and learn pronunciation at Quynh Coi high school, especially to find out problems that teachers and students often have in pronunciation lessons.The writer too hopes to make most feasible solutions that earth-closet help the English teachers overcome those problems and improve students pronunciation. 1. 3 enquiry questions The above aims of the study throne be realized by answering the undermentioned look questions (1) What is the present situation of teaching and learning pronunciation at QCHS? (2) Which problems do the teachers and students at QCHS face in pronunciation lessons? (3) What teaching techniques tin kitty be used to improve teaching pronunciation for students at QCHS? 1. 4 Scope of the s tudyAs a case study, this study focuses on the reality of teaching and learning dickens fits of English pronunciation nidus and intonation for the 12th form students at Quynh Coi high school. The subjects of the study are 12th form students those are familiar with learning pronunciation for cardinal years at high school. Moreover, stress and intonation are deuce major aspects of pronunciation introduced in the official textbook used by the 12th form students. Other characteristics of English pronunciation would not be deep investigated in this research. . 5 Methods of the study In order to fulfill the tasks mentioned above, some(prenominal)(prenominal) qualitative and quantitative methods are selected for this case study, involving the following instruments survey questionnaires, schoolroom observations and interviews. Firstly, the survey questionnaires were delivered to both teachers and students to investigate the reality of teaching and learning pronunciation at QCHS. Th en, nearly classroom observations and interviews with some English teachers have been also conducted to get adjuvant information.Finally, the results obtained from questionnaires, observations and interviews have been discussed and analyzed to with a hope for providing language teacher with some feasible teaching techniques to behave successfully with their students. 1. 6 Significance of the study This study hopes to make contri stillion to teaching pronunciation at high school level in Vietnam and the result of the study is intended to be useful for teachers and students at school.Thus, this study will be an interesting reference material for any high school language teachers in Vietnam, especially for those who are in favor of improving their students pronunciation. This research will help teachers and students identify their problems in teaching and learning pronunciation and self- improve their pronunciation. 1. 7 Design of the study This thesis consists of six main chapters Chapter one is the INTRODUCTION including the rationales, the aims, the scope, the research questions, the methods, and the design of the research.In the book Pronunciation published in 1994, Christiane Dalton and Barbara Seidlhofer (19943) consider pronunciation as the production of significant sound. They look at the vocalise in cardinal senses. First, it is used as part of a code of a particular language. That is the reason why English sounds are distinguished from sounds of early(a) languages. In this sense, pronunciation can be told as the production and response of sounds of speech. Second, sound is used to achieve message in contexts of use.Here the code combines with other factors to make communication possible. In this sense pronunciation is referred with reference to acts of speaking. In the scope of this study, the concept of pronunciation can be described as a way of speaking a banter, especially a way that is authorized or commonly understood (American Heritage Dictionary, 1992) or may be verbalize to conclude the sounds of the language or phonology stress and rhythm intonation combination sounds linkage of sound (Ur, 1996). 2. 2 Features of pronunciationGerald Kelly (2000) points out main features of pronunciation including phonemes and suprasegmental features, in which consonants and vowels belong to phonemes, intonation and stress are two main parts of suprasegmental. Phonemes are units of sound, they are seen as segments. Suprasegmental features are features of speech which assume to groups of segments, or phonemes. The features which are of the essence(predicate) in English are stress, intonation, and how sounds change in connected speech. The following diagram appearings a breakdown of the main features of pronunciation Features of pronunciation (Kelly, 20001)As nattern from the diagram, pronunciation is a unspecific subject with the boundaries of several(a) items such as consonants, vowels, stress, and intonation. This s tudy is intended to focus on two major features of pronunciation intonation and stress are deeply investigated. According to Quirk R. and Greenbaun S. (1973450), stress is the prominence with one part of a word or of a longer utterance is distinguished from other parts. This can be understood like this when an English word consists of to a greater extent than one syllable, one of these syllables is do to brook out to a greater extent than the others.This is done by verbalize the syllable louder. For instance, in such words as English, teacher, and student the commencement syllables are stressed. Intonation is an important part that most teachers have to trade with when teaching connected speech, it refers to the way the voice goes up and down in pitch (Kelly, 2000 86) when we are speaking. It dallys a merry role in helping people express their opinions, and go steadying thought of others. In short, the word pronunciation is like a big umbrella covering various sub-items as consonants, vowels, intonations, stress, etceteraWith such big boundaries of items, language teachers and learners have to think of how to master these key aspects, especially stress and intonation, to be successful in teaching and learning pronunciation. 2. 3 Teaching pronunciation 2. 3. 1 The importance of teaching/ learning pronunciation and a paradox 2. 3. 1. 1 The importance of teaching and learning pronunciation Pronunciation is as important as any other aspects of language like syntax and vocabulary. Some people may argue that speech is taken for granted(predicate)ly much more significant than pronunciation. However, speech cannot exist without pronunciation.Correct pronunciation, in fact, is considered to be a prerequisite to develop the speaking skill. That is why teaching pronunciation should occupy an important place in the study of any language. According to Gerald Kelly (2000), pronunciation involves far more than individual sounds including word stress, sentence stre ss, intonation, and word linking. All of these influence the sound of speak English. Sound is the core of the language. When teaching a language, the first and foremost thing teachers should do is to let learners have intents to expose themselves to the sounds of that language.That is the reason why more and more teachers pay much attention to teaching pronunciation to their students. Considering the importance of communication in general and pronunciation in particular, Gerald Kelly confirms a learner who constantly mispronounces a range of phonemes can be passing difficult for a speaker from another language community to understand. A consideration of learners pronunciation errors and of how these can inhibit successful communication is a useful basis on which to assess why it is important to deal with pronunciation in the class (200011).Sharing the same ideas with Kelly, Martin Hewings (200410) adds difficulties with pronunciation might mean that students kick the bucket to get their message across, raze when the correct words are being used, or they might burst to understand what is said to them. The inaccurate use of suprasegmetal elements, such as tress or intonation, can also create problems. Errors in pronunciation can lead to a problem of reception, or comprehension of the meaning or function of an utterance, even worse, they can affect the perceived tone or mood of an utterance.Moreover, it is obvious that good pronunciation serves as a strong motivation for language learners. most language learners coming into court considerable enthusiasm for pronunciation as they consider it as a good way to show that they are competent in the language. Once they have obtained adequate pronunciation competence, they gradually build up strong confidence for themselves and are ready to learn new things without hesitation. 2. 3. 1. 2 A paradox As the matter of fact, the role of pronunciation in English learning process could not be negated.Regrettably, teac hing and learning pronunciation has not received portion attention as expected and Gerald Kelly call this fact a name a paradox (Kelly, 2000 1). It tends to suffer from being neglected. This may not be teachers neglect of interest or motivation in pronunciation. The main reason comes from their teaching palpate and confidence, feeling of query as to hoe to teach (Kelly, 200013). In spite of the fact that both teacher and students are crafty on pronunciation, they often take grammar or vocabulary precedence over pronunciation for granted.If it is not neglected, it tends to be reactive to a particular problem that has arisen in the classroom rather than being strategically aforethought(ip) (Kelly, 200013). This is the most popular problem is pronunciation lessons. Teachers only deal with pronunciation when it comes to be problematic. There is no lesson plan, no strategy in teaching and learning pronunciation. Most teachers often prepare lesson plan for teaching grammar, vocabula ry, and pronunciation. Yet pronunciation work can, and should, be planned for, too.Teachers should regard features of pronunciation as total to language analysis and lesson planning. This paradox arises from both the nature of pronunciation itself, from the teaching staff as well as from the learners themselves. However, to deal with this problem, as language teachers, teachers conduct to have a good grounding in theoretical knowledge. Furthermore, in order to teach pronunciation successfully, teachers should be practically skilled in classrooms, and they take up to have good ideas, approaches, techniques, as well as classroom activities. 2. 3. 2 Teachers roles in teaching pronunciationMastering a overseas language pronunciation is not something out(predicate) as far as the student and the teacher participate together in the total learning process. Thus, to succeed in a pronunciation program, the teacher plays an essential role. Kenworthy (1987), Nguyen Bang and Nguyen Ba Ngoc (2001), and Hoang Van Van, et al. (2006) shared the similar ideas about teachers roles in the teaching and learning pronunciation process, in which, teachers are responsible for Helping learners to hear The teacher has a mission to provide appropriate input of the target sounds for learners to hear.Teacher needs to check that their students are tryout sounds according to the appropriate categories and help them develop new categories if necessary. Helping learners to make sounds It is true that some English sounds do not exist in the learners mother tongue. Some learners may be able to attend the target sounds if they are provided casts. However, for those who lack such an ability, it is teachers duty to explain the way those difficult sounds are made and provide support to help learners produce correct sounds. Providing feedbackStudents need to be told where they are standing, how much they have gained and what they need to improve because some durations, students themselves can not know whether they are making mistakes or not. The teacher must provide them with feedbacks on their performance. Pointing out what is going on In many cases, learners fail to realize what and how they are speaking, as speaking is for most parts unconsciously controlled, learners may sometimes make mistakes in the way they produce a particular sequence of sounds, or put stress in an incorrect place, lead story to misunderstanding.It is the teachers role to specify the area that learners have to pay attention to so as not to cause miscomprehension. Establishing priorities Native-like pronunciation is not easy to achieve. Therefore, learners need a guide to tell them about what aspects they should master, what aspects they not need to be perfective. Inevitably, when learning a foreign language, it is dealt if learners master every aspect of it. However, as this is in some manner unrealistic, learners should learn to quit at an accepted level of those aspects which are not v ital.The level at which learners can feel satisfied at depends on different situations for different individuals. Devising activities It is not easy for teachers to cover all activities in a limited time. Thus, teachers need to identify what exercises will be suitable for their learners, what activities would take away them the best effect. In devising them, however, it should be accepted that authentic activities are more suitable to some students than others. Assessing progress An important role of teacher is to assess progress.Learners need to know at what level they are in pronunciation. Tests allocated at appropriate times will serve as a strong motivation for students. When they look at their marks, they have a clear sense of how much they have gained. Judging learners pronunciation performance is very complicated. However, this should be done accordingly. 2. 3. 3. Approaches, techniques and activities in teaching pronunciation 2. 3. 3. 1 Approaches in teaching pronunciatio n In the book Teaching pronunciation (Celce-Murcia M. , et al. 1996 2), the authors point out two general approaches to the teaching of pronunciation in the modern time, namely intuitive-imitative approach and analytic-linguistic approach. An intuitive-imitative approach depends on the learners ability to get wind to and ensue the rhythms and sounds of the target language without the intervention of any explicit information. This means the teaching of pronunciation depends by and large on the teachers turning on and rewinding a cassette player (or another instrument), and the main activities in the class are listening and repeating.In this approach, the teacher has no responsibility to explain how sounds are create or produced and the learners do their main task of listening and imitating, and it is expected that learners will gradually gain pronunciation competence. Meanwhile, an analytic-linguistic approach utilizes information and tools such as a phonetic alphabet, articulato r descriptions, charts of the vocal apparatus and other aids to supplement listening, imitation, and production (Celce-Murcia M. , et al. , 1996 2). In this approach, learners are given explanation as well as train on how to form particular sounds of the target language.Between these two approaches, there is no scale on whether which one is better. Choosing to apply which approach into teaching pronunciation depends on teachers themselves and the level of learners. To do well with these two approaches, it is a need for both teachers and learners to fulfill knowledge of articulator system such as consonants, vowels, stress, and intonation, etc. In this study, the author considers the use of both approaches to gain best effect in teaching and learning pronunciation. 2. 3. 3. 2 Techniques and activitiesPronunciation is never an end in itself, thus to receive expected result in teaching and learning pronunciation, teachers have made use of a great deal of techniques. It may be taught i n isolation or in combination with language skills of speaking, listening, reading or theme. Supported by Kelly (200016) and Celce, et al (19968), some common techniques are Drilling unmatchable of the main ways in which pronunciation is practise in the classroom is through drilling. In its most basic form, drilling simply involves the teacher saying a word or a structure, and getting class to repeat it. Listen and imitateThe pronunciation of the target language is provided by the teacher or tape recorders, language labs, etc. students are to listen to a sequence of sounds or sentences and repeat it. Chaining This can be used for sentences which prove difficult for students to pronounce, each because they are long, or because they include difficult words and sounds The above mentioned techniques are nearly similar they commonly take two forms, which are either all-class or individual. These two forms are actually the two variant of the same techniques. Normally, at first, the whole class repeats after certain sound and phrases.After a certain amount of class-drilling, individual students take turns and pronounce those items themselves. Phonetic chaining This technique makes use of articulator descriptions, articulator diagrams and a phonetic alphabet. Learners are provided with basic theoretical knowledge about how sounds are formed. They are also aided by the teacher to make genuine sound production. Minimal pair drills These relate to words which differ from each other only one phoneme. Normally, students are allowed to listen to the tape and distinguish between the two sounds.This type of activities is oddly useful to teach sounds which causes difficulties for learners or sounds that are mismatched. Contextualized minimal pair In this technique, the teacher establishes the setting and present key vocabulary students are then trained to respond to a sentence stem with the appropriate meaty response. When minimal pair drills seem a bit boring and too theoretical with separated sounds, the contextualization seems to be more useful because it is more practical. Tongue Twisters This technique rooted from speech correction strategies for primeval speakers.When other techniques look serious and sometimes put learners under pressure, tongue twisters provide a more delighting way to learn pronunciation. Sounds which are difficult to differentiate are put together to make meaningful sentences. Reading aloud/recitation Students are provided with a passage or scripts and then read aloud, concentrate on stress, timing and intonation. This activity is often done with texts such as poems, rhymes, song lyrics, etc. put down of learners production. This technique can use audio-tape, video-tapes of rehearsed and spontaneous speeches, free conversations, and role plays.It needs the feedbacks of teachers as well as self-evaluation. Practice of vowel shifts and stress shifts related by affixation Base on rule of fat phonology, used with inter mediate or advanced learners. The teachers point out the rule-based nature of vowel and stress shifts in etymologically related words to raise awareness sentences and short texts that contain both number of a pair may be provide as oral practice material such as impression And phoTOgraphy 2. 4 Learning pronunciation 2. 4. 1 Factors affecting learning pronunciationAccording to Joane Kenworthy (1987), there are many factors affecting learning pronunciation, including the native language, the age factor, the amount of exposure, phonetic ability, perspective and identity. The native language it is inevitable that learners native language has a great impact on their ability of pronouncing English. The foreign accent is therefore easy to identity. The age factor it is often assumed that the younger a soul starts learning a foreign language, the better he is at pronouncing it and he has a greater chance of having a native-like accent.The amount of exposure people who live in the country where the target language is spoken and is surrounded by an English-speaking environment may have some advantages over some who do not. Phonetic ability researches have shown that some people naturally have a better ear for a foreign language than others. Attitude and identity results from many studies have shown that learners who have a affirmatory attitude towards speakers of a foreign language tend to have a more native-like pronunciation. 2. 4. 2 Students roles in learning pronunciationIt is essential that in order to learn a language, motivation plays a vital role. The same thing happens to learning pronunciation. If students really care much about their pronunciation, they will become more cautious about their speaking, and gradually build up good pronunciation. In teaching and learning pronunciation, if teachers play the roles of a speech coach, students themselves need to involve in this process as much as possible in order to get good results. According to Nguyen Bang an d Nguyen Ba Ngoc (2001), students need to satisfy some demands.Firstly, they need to perceive the model as exactly as they can. Secondly, they need to response as much as and as well as possible to the recognition, the imitation and repetition activities. Lastly, beside the help of the teachers, students should do self-correction of their pronunciation mistakes. 2. 5 Teachers and students problems in teaching and learning pronunciation Both teachers and students encounter various problems in the process of teaching and learning pronunciation. These problems do not only arise from the nature of pronunciation itself, but from various subjective and objective factors.In the light of the previous and current studies, some major problems that teachers and learners face in teaching and learning pronunciation are. The nature of pronunciation According to Nunan (1991), the problem of getting the phonology of a second or a foreign language presents a formidable dispute to any theory of sec ond language acquisition. In teaching and learning pronunciation, the biggest problem that most of the English teachers and students complain come from nature of pronunciation. English pronunciation itself contains so many complicated factors and invisible rules.In the light of this problem, Doff A. (1988) listed some common problems that learners often make when they speak English. The first is difficulties in pronouncing sounds which do not exist in the students own language. The second is the problems with similar sounds that often cause learners confusion. The third is difficulties in pronouncing consonant clusters. And the last problem mainly comes from English stress and intonation. Students seem to have a trend to give all syllables equal stress and flat intonation. Class settingA lot of problems in teaching and learning pronunciation come from class setting such as classroom size, flavour of the teaching staff, teaching and learning equipment. Firstly, a large class cause s difficulty in teaching pronunciation. At high school, on come, there are over 50 students per class. With such a high student-teacher ratio, it is impossible to make sure that the teacher could carry out successful teaching techniques and activities, and the learner is not able to listen and receive what the teacher is saying. The quality of teaching staff is also a big problem.Most teachers of English are non-native speakers, and a few of them can have a native-like pronunciation. As a result, the language input that students receive every day is from non-native people. Therefore, it is impossible to require students to achieve perfect pronunciation. Teaching model According to Kelly (2000), in the past, the model of teaching English pronunciation was received pronunciation, the pronounciation of people in the southwest England. Today, there are a vast number of English American English, Australian English, etc.Thus, it is difficult for teachers to choose what model to teach. In fact, each teacher often cannot produce a perfect accent without being moved(p) by his own language. This fact sometimes causes both teachers and students problems in teaching and learning pronunciation. Some teachers do not feel confident with their own voice and students do not know what input language is perfect to receive. Intelligibility Beside factors from the nature of pronunciation, class setting, etc, teaching and learning pronunciation involves in its own problem that Kenworthy (1987) calls it as intelligibility.He defines intelligibility as being understood by a attender at a given time in a given situation. This means that intelligibility is affected by a number of factors the speaker, the listener, the time, and the situation. This also means that teaching and learning pronunciation depends on many factors, causing many problems for both teachers and students. In conclusion, in this chapter, some theoretical backgrounds relating to teaching and learning pronunciation have been pointed out. These factors are the pronunciation concepts and their features.Factors relating to pronunciation teaching and learning as the importance, the problems, techniques and activities have been also given. It cannot be denied that pronunciation and teaching pronunciation is an important part to conduct in any language course. It is even more important for those who are or will be teachers of the language. Methods of teaching pronunciation are various with different elements of pronunciation. What are the attitudes of teachers and learners towards teaching and learning pronunciation?The school has 36 classes with 90 teachers and 1,800 students. Each year, the school enrolls more than 600 new comers. 3. 1. 2 Description of the course At school, all students when pass the entrance exam to the school have to study English as one of the compulsory subjects. During the process of learning English at school, students use three English textbooks (English 10, English 11, E nglish 12) focusing on four skills including reading, speaking, listening, writing and language focus part. The language focus comprises two major parts pronunciation and grammar.Normally, students start learning pronunciation when they study English 10. However, at grade 10th, students only learn some vowels and simple consonants. At grade 11th, students continue to study complex consonants. And at grade 12th, students start to be familiar with stress and intonation exercises. That is the reason why stress and intonation are two major aspects of pronunciation chosen in this investigation. 3. 2 Subjects The subjects of this study comprised 10 teachers and 55 12th-form students at QCHS.All English teachers were invited to participate in this study. They are from 27 to 60 years old, and have taught English for more than 2 years. They graduated from both regular and in-service training. With those teachers who have taught English for many years, they have teaching experience, but were not well trained. They mainly graduated from colleges, even in-service training. With younger teachers, they graduated from many different universities state and non-state universities. They are full of motivation, but lack of teaching experience.In general, these teachers are good at teaching grammar and do not feel confident to deal with speaking, listening, and pronunciation lessons. Thus, they often focus their lesson on grammar but the speaking and pronunciation. The class that the author chose to study consists of fifty-five 12th-form students. These students have had at least 6 years of academic English experience by the time they reach this course. However, their English proficiency is not good, especially at pronunciation. They may be good at grammar and can do these grammar exercises quickly, but can not speak fluently.Most of them do not feel confident to speak in class and express their ideas in English. These students have study at high school for more than two years. Therefore, they have been getting similar with the teaching and perusing methods, the conditions and the teaching environment, so it easy for the author to get their consent to participate in the research. 3. 3 Research methods As mentioned previously, the researcher chose a mixed-method approach to data collection, utilizing triangulation to measure a broad variety of variables in the research.Necessary data was gathered directly from the teachers and students participating in the research in several ways Questionnaires In order to collect reliable and comprehensive data, two questionnaires were designed one for teachers and one for students. They are both open-ended and close-ended questions. Teacher questionnaire (Appendix 1) one survey questionnaire with 8 questions was designed for the teachers to get their ideas of pronunciation teaching and learning reality, problems faced by their students and some recommendations to improve learning pronunciation reality at school.To get this aim, the questionnaire is categorized into the following groups Teachers attitude towards present situation of teaching and learning pronunciation at QCHS Approaches, techniques and classroom activities used by teachers in teaching pronunciation Problems faced by teachers in teaching pronunciation and Teachers recommendations of techniques to improve students pronunciation. Student questionnaire Appendix 2) another survey questionnaire with 8 questions was designed for students including the following categories Students attitude towards learning pronunciation, especially stress and intonation Students problems in learning pronunciation and Students expectations in learning pronunciation. In-depth classroom observations sixsome informal classroom observations during regular classroom sessions were used as an additional data source.The observations were carried out for two weeks during the course of the study to get more practical information about teachers and students attitu des towards teaching and learning pronunciation, and difficulties as well as techniques used in pronunciation lessons. During the process of observations, the author focused on some aspects taking in class as Teaching and learning materials used in class Students activities and their mistakes in producing pronunciation and Teachers approaches and techniques used in teaching pronunciation.Interviews and discussions (Appendix 3) after collecting data from the survey questionnaires and classroom observations, the author used the post interview in order to get the in-depth discussion about techniques used to improve students pronunciation. Because it is too difficult for the researcher to conduct long interviews with all teachers, the researcher randomly selected 5/10 teachers for interviews. They were willing to express deeply their opinions, and ideas about teaching techniques. 3. 2. Data collection procedures The study was conducted in the first term of the school year 2010-2011 (f rom September 2010 to December, 2010). At the beginning of the first term, two sets of questionnaires were given to the teachers and the students who concur to participate in the research. After two days, these questionnaires were collected. The information from these questionnaires were then summarized and presented in the form of statistics. For the following two weeks, the author carried out some classroom observations.The observations during six English lessons including one in reading, one in writing, one in listening, one in speaking and two in language focus periods. At each session, the researcher took field notes on what happened when the students learned pronunciation. Finally, when the information from the survey questionnaires and classroom observations were collected and analyzed, organise interviews were carried out. The data collected from three different resources were read through to obtain a sense of the boilers suit data. They were then analyzed both descriptiv ely and interpretatively.The initial sorting-out process was writing findings in the form of thoughtful notes and summaries of field notes. The information was then displayed in forms of tables and figures while qualitative data from the open-ended questionnaire items, classroom observations and interviews were presented by quoting relevant responses from the respondents. CHAPTER FOUR PRESENTATION OF THE DATA This part, the information from collected data was presented in accordance with the household of data collection instruments. 4. 1 Survey questionnaires 4. 1. Teachers and students attitudes towards teaching and learning pronunciation Assuming that the consideration of the teachers and students attitude towards teaching and learning pronunciation would be beneficial to the research, at the outset, these factors were surveyed. The results, shown in below, reflect that grammar is the most concerning aspect in learning English at high school. Surprisingly, only 10% of the teach ers think that pronunciation is the most necessary for their students. They always pay much attention and time and energy on grammar.In contrast, teaching and learning pronunciation as well as developing listening, speaking or reading skills do not receive enough attention to. 4. 1. 2 Students pronunciation level From the chart 2, we can see an optimistic reality of students level in learning pronunciation at Quynh Coi high school. Being asked about this, all the teachers said that students level is not equal, however it is not good as expected. 60% teachers said that their students level at pronunciation is at average and even 30% of the students get under average level. None of the teachers evaluate their students level at pronunciation is good or excellent. . 1. 3 Pronunciation teaching and learning time Chart 3 presents time that teachers and students spend on teaching and learning pronunciation. One more time teachers and students share the same ideas about the fact that too li ttle time is on pronunciation. 80% of the teachers and 43% of the students said that they did not have time to spend on teaching and learning pronunciation in one teaching session (45 minutes) 20% of the teachers and 32% of the students spend less than 20 minutes on teaching pronunciation. None of the teachers and a very small number of the students teach and learn pronunciation for more than 20 minutes.The overall results indicate that the reality of teaching and learning pronunciation at Quynh Coi high school is not positive as expected. Although both teachers and students are very optimistic towards teaching and learning pronunciation, students level is not good as well as time spent on teaching pronunciation is limited during one normal teaching session. 4. 1. 4 Teachers and students problems in teaching and learning pronunciation Chart 4 shows that both the teachers and the students face many problems during the process of teaching and learning pronunciation.The biggest problem that both teachers and students face comes from the nature of pronunciation. The attached two factors preventing students from gaining good pronunciation are teaching time and students competence. 27% of the teachers and 22% of the students said that they do not have enough time on pronunciation. 20% of the teachers considered that their students competence in pronunciation is too low. 22% students also agreed with that idea. Class setting is the next factor that 20% teachers chose. It is clear that quality of teaching staff is not good enough to come over all the difficulties in teaching pronunciation.In contrast, only 1% of the students agreed with this. The smallest factor that both teachers and students think that causing problem in teaching and learning pronunciation is students motivation. 4. 1. 5 Teachers and students problems in teaching and learning intonation and stress From the chart above, most of the teachers (50%) and students (43%) think that stress is the most diff iculty in teaching and learning pronunciation. the second is intonation 30% of the teachers and 14% of the students think that intonation causes trouble.Meanwhile, none of the teachers meet any difficulties in teaching consonants and vowels. Particularly, chart 6 shows that 43% of the students cannot know the place of stress in a word 20% said they cannot pronounce stress though they may be know place of stress in those words. Surprisingly, 27% of the students said that they do not know anything of stress. From the above chart, we can see that the reality of learning intonation is even worse than learning stress. 56% of all surveyed students understand nothing about intonation, causing a lot of difficulties in teaching and learning pronunciation.

Examining the system and the results Essay Example for Free

Examining the system and the egresss EssaySpecific rules are also taken into accounts which repair the speed of an ambulance fomite such as number of lanes, number of traffic lights, restricted access, presence of schools, street markets, the width of the way and conditions of the road surface. Each road inside the logical ne twork was given a charge fit in to the different rules menti one(a)d above. This weight is a numerical value that is used along with survive cartridge clip be (speed limits and lengths) in order to find weighted pass time personifys which consider all the rules that could affect the speed of the vehicles in reality. For example, if a road has one lane, it will be given more weight than the two lanes road. The travel represents of these roadstead are then re-calculated by multiplying the weight with the travel cost. As a result of this procedure, the calculated travel time (weighted) will be higher in one lane road than two lanes road i. e. one la ne roads will be foolish because a vehicle is expected to take much time to travel along these roads than the two lanes and will have an effect on manoeuvre ability of ambulance vehicles along these roads.This procedure is then retell for all other rules in order to find the travel time costs ( display panel 7). The general rules which considers the solar day of the week and time of day are then integrated. This is done by adding other weights to the road, dependant on the day and the time, according to that the real travel time cost will be updated Two basis will be used when integrating the expert knowledge to the system, travel time and weighted travel time.Travel time only considers the length and the speed of each road while weighted travel time considers both the travel time and the rules which have already been set from the experts. By assigning respective(a) weights (numerical value) to the roads depending on priorities of choosing one route rather than another, it is possible to achieve a more surgical travel time on the streets. This is done by multiplying the weights stadium to the travel time field to channel another field that fuck be called weighted travel time.Weighted travel times can be then used as the cost field ArcView Network Analyst to find the scurrying route between two points. This system was examined by setting up several scenarios based on various times and rules collected from ambulance drivers knowledge in order to find the least time cost routes between an incident and a hospital location. As an example it seen that the ambulance drivers usually prefer two lanes roads than one-way lane. This is because it is hard for the drivers to manoeuvre on one-lane roads especially when there is roads over-crowding or car accident on the way.Therefore different weights would be assigned to each of these roads in order to find the quickest route that considers the one-lanes factor. The one lane factor in addition to other factors wi ll be discussed in the scenarios below. Scenarios two, three and four integrates some of the expert knowledge while scenario one is used by norm navigation systems. A comment string field was added to the road network layer to detail the drive of giving such weight or the reason of giving a negative value to the travel cost field as seen in table 8.This scenario calculates the least travel time route (fastest route) in minutes based on using the legal proceeding field in the road which is calculated from distance/speed. The speed in here represents the speed limits in km/h. This scenario is used mostly by norm navigation systems such as Dell/Navteq GPS piloting System in order to find the quickest path between two points. The response time was 3. 25 minutes in this scenario after converting it from hours ( find 4) and related attributes (table 9). Scenario two This scenario assumes that several streets of previous(prenominal) route outlive within a school zone of 200 metres.For example, between 130-230 P. M. this zone is predicted to be congested due the car parking and students crossing the streets. Therefore any street which falls within this zone will be assigned to a weight of 1. 1 while other determine are assigned to 1. Then the weight field (weight1) is multiplied by the travel time cost field (MINUTES) to calculate another weighted travel time field (INCHES). As a result of this procedure the travel time will be maximised along these weighted streets as seen in figure 5.The response time was 3.78 minutes as seen in table 10. Scenario three This scenario assumes that a roadwork is in progress, on one side of a local street at the same time as the previous scenario. This temporal data can be collected from the municipality periodically and update the system according to it. other weight of 1. 1 is assigned to that street which will re-route the current path in order to block the expected delay time. In this scenario the response time was 3. 87 as seen in table 11. The re-routed fastest path is shown in figure 6.

Into Thin Air Paper Essay Example for Free

Into Thin glow Paper EssayTrusting others is a rattling difficult thing to do. It is important to consider others because human cannot do everything by themselves. For example, Krakauers group had to rely on each other, so if one member is in trouble, another person had to sustain as soon as they could. If they do not trust each other, everyone would not make it up to the top of the mountain alive. Krakauer was afraid to be able to trust others because he felt very uncomfortable relying on inexperienced climbers, but he had to learn to trust them because he needs to survive the climb up the mountain. To climb a mountain, all climbers must have a group and a place. Loyalty/respect of others on the mountain is essential because one can help another survive the journey. One must be willing to risk their own life and pen another. The climbers lives are in the guides hands. Loyalty/respect is required for the guide because they give important information on how to climb properl y and how to survive. An example from the book is how the guide, Rob Hall, helped an injured climber get down safely.At this point, it does not matter whom acts like what because the most important thing is for the people to survive the climb on Mount Everest. Climbing a mountain involves threatening work, trust, and loyalty/trust. If one was not working hard or listening to the guide, his or her life is in danger. For example, one person did not listen to the guide when he was ill, so he was on the verge of dying because of his careless decision. This books highlights an important lesson always trust and respect the people around you because they can always help you. People can make very poor decisions, and those who can help, help others to survive.

Dynamic and flexible opportunities Essay Example for Free

driving and flexible opportunities EssayDifferent founding or any organized group that composes members and hierarchy of identify kitty establish well-being policy to maintain balance and harmony. Policymakers are faced with a challenging task to present variety of opportunities, orders and challenges basically for the benefits of those people under a group or institution. in time what if those eudaimonia policies create unlike impacts on the participants? Since an organize group composed of different kinds of members, one can not guarantee that everyone result agree with the given rules and policies. Opinion and principles from different kinds of people who have different cultural and social orientation may collide and thus create conflict. Some policies that are skilful to others may be a disadvantage to some. Can the conflicting goals of welfare policy ever be reconciled to produce an effective welfare policy? innovation of ideas and insights from different members can create a relationship within the group who will explore and examine the conflicting interests that is associated to the given welfare policies.The public sense of community from this relationship can establish a sense of understanding from the ideas and goals of each. Since policy welfare is always equated with the well being within the members, relationships and human attachment will be beneficial to unity. This will encourage members to discuss and review the welfare policy that should aim to propose measures which will bring a fairer distribution of resources and opportunities. Attachment will definitely give them a moral responsibility.Variety of insights from different cultural and social orientation can challenged the minds of the policy makers to create more dynamic and flexible opportunities and policies that will adapt all members. As a result, these flexible opportunities will help the members to enhance and explore their talents and capabilities outside their famil iar orientation. The innovated policy welfare because of conflicting goals may create subsequent developments to the individuality of the members and later on to the institution as a whole.Sometimes conflicting goals from the established welfare policy can be wakeless and beneficial to the organized group. It encourages innovation to the welfare policy which as a result can instigate new discoveries to the possible policies that can help the members grow as a person and as professionals. Diversity of culture and principles can motivate learning and self discovery. In order to established effective welfare policy, one must discover their full potentials.