Into Thin Air Paper Essay Example for Free

Into Thin glow Paper EssayTrusting others is a rattling difficult thing to do. It is important to consider others because human cannot do everything by themselves. For example, Krakauers group had to rely on each other, so if one member is in trouble, another person had to sustain as soon as they could. If they do not trust each other, everyone would not make it up to the top of the mountain alive. Krakauer was afraid to be able to trust others because he felt very uncomfortable relying on inexperienced climbers, but he had to learn to trust them because he needs to survive the climb up the mountain. To climb a mountain, all climbers must have a group and a place. Loyalty/respect of others on the mountain is essential because one can help another survive the journey. One must be willing to risk their own life and pen another. The climbers lives are in the guides hands. Loyalty/respect is required for the guide because they give important information on how to climb properl y and how to survive. An example from the book is how the guide, Rob Hall, helped an injured climber get down safely.At this point, it does not matter whom acts like what because the most important thing is for the people to survive the climb on Mount Everest. Climbing a mountain involves threatening work, trust, and loyalty/trust. If one was not working hard or listening to the guide, his or her life is in danger. For example, one person did not listen to the guide when he was ill, so he was on the verge of dying because of his careless decision. This books highlights an important lesson always trust and respect the people around you because they can always help you. People can make very poor decisions, and those who can help, help others to survive.

Dynamic and flexible opportunities Essay Example for Free

driving and flexible opportunities EssayDifferent founding or any organized group that composes members and hierarchy of identify kitty establish well-being policy to maintain balance and harmony. Policymakers are faced with a challenging task to present variety of opportunities, orders and challenges basically for the benefits of those people under a group or institution. in time what if those eudaimonia policies create unlike impacts on the participants? Since an organize group composed of different kinds of members, one can not guarantee that everyone result agree with the given rules and policies. Opinion and principles from different kinds of people who have different cultural and social orientation may collide and thus create conflict. Some policies that are skilful to others may be a disadvantage to some. Can the conflicting goals of welfare policy ever be reconciled to produce an effective welfare policy? innovation of ideas and insights from different members can create a relationship within the group who will explore and examine the conflicting interests that is associated to the given welfare policies.The public sense of community from this relationship can establish a sense of understanding from the ideas and goals of each. Since policy welfare is always equated with the well being within the members, relationships and human attachment will be beneficial to unity. This will encourage members to discuss and review the welfare policy that should aim to propose measures which will bring a fairer distribution of resources and opportunities. Attachment will definitely give them a moral responsibility.Variety of insights from different cultural and social orientation can challenged the minds of the policy makers to create more dynamic and flexible opportunities and policies that will adapt all members. As a result, these flexible opportunities will help the members to enhance and explore their talents and capabilities outside their famil iar orientation. The innovated policy welfare because of conflicting goals may create subsequent developments to the individuality of the members and later on to the institution as a whole.Sometimes conflicting goals from the established welfare policy can be wakeless and beneficial to the organized group. It encourages innovation to the welfare policy which as a result can instigate new discoveries to the possible policies that can help the members grow as a person and as professionals. Diversity of culture and principles can motivate learning and self discovery. In order to established effective welfare policy, one must discover their full potentials.

Self Fulfilling Prophecy Pygmalion Effect Essay Example for Free

Self Fulfilling Prophecy Pygmalion Effect EssayThe worry with productivity measurements especially in measuring a companys workforce efficiency, is that they do non take into accounting system other factors relating to the panache people work.This means that elements much(prenominal) as employees initiatives, their flexibility, teamwork and adaptability argon not unifiedd in the measures of input.As such, the calculation of productivity is not an absolute one. Also, the failure to incorporate the element of effectiveness in the measurement of productivity could produce a false assessment of the aline transactance of a company. Its a fact that attitude is the main stumbling block that holds back employees productivity.The Self fulfilling Prophecy or Pygmalion Effect as a Management Concept. Conceptualized by Robert Merton, it is about phenomenon that occurs when a false definition of the situation evokes a new behavior which makes the original false conception get on wi th through. The whole theory is establish on the theorem if men define situations as echt, they atomic number 18 real in their consequences,This means that when one has a set presentiment, he would be rescue in focuss that call forth that his expectation would be fulfilled no matter what. The consequence of his behavior somehow fulfils his expectation.The ultimate aim of a prophecy is not to tell the future, but to make it. It is important for conductors to consider carefully their natural process and behavior as understanding and applying the Self fulfilling Prophecy will have a great advert on the performance of the employees.In working environment, the way manager behaves, his attitudes, beliefs towards his subordinates do have an impact on how they behave, managers who truly believe in them have the very same people performing better and change to the organization success. Instruction must be communicated clearly to employees so that no ambiguity(unclear or confuse) on what is expect of them.The four factors of self-fulfilling prophecy and its application are1)Consistent Information (C I) Good performer who are thoroughly like by their managers are often accustomed more ideas, instruction and suggestion. As the day goes by, it help them perform better, have an edge over their colleagues whom the manager deem poor performers.The key is to be conscious of this sagacity play and to start creating positive expectations rather than negative expectations in managers and employees about the organization and themselves.2)Expected performance (E P) The way managers communicate performance expectations to their subordinates will influence them to establish realistic levels of aspiration and higher performance goals.The study point is, managers and subordinates must establish and set realistic goals and targets.3)Positive Reinforcement (P R) Subordinates who are expected to perform well are normally rewarded more frequently and generously when they achi eve their performance goals.On the other hand, those who are not expected to perform well tend to perform badly and are not reinforce.Interestingly, til now if they perform well, they may not be rewarded because their managers felt threatened or irritated that their expectations are not proven.Hence, it is important for managers and supervisors to be aware of their prejudices and negative feelings of their subordinates.Conscious attempts must be made to eliminate such prejudices and discriminations.4) Constructive Feedback (C F) Managers who communicate high performance expectations typically provide greater feedback.Feedback occurs more frequent and have specific suggestion for improvement. Especially in performance appraisal and review, the variables is the managers rating of the subordinates.It is based on the managers values, prejudices and feelings. Most employees will take the cues and alter their future behavior accordingly.As such, managers and supervisors must take due car e in the way they give feedback to their subordinates.Their tone, body language, and attitudes do account for a successful feedback session.Conclusion The above four factors which contain a managers expectation can be effective and productively manage if mangers are conscious and aware of their existence and the way they function.The learning point is that even if a subordinate is not a high performer, a manager can still help by being positive with his expectations. This way, the subordinate is at least given a fair opportunity to prove his self worth and capability.

Mobility essay Essay Example for Free

Mobility essay EssayThe Unites States is the land of opportunities where bulk pursuit the American dream to start a better life. American life is built on the faith that it is possible to rise from humble origins to economic heights. In that case friendly mobility plays a declamatory role in todays society. Social mobility refers to the ability to change the positions within a social stratification system. In other words, when people improve or decrease their economic status in the way that it affects their social class, they experience either pward or downward social mobility. With this in mind, the social mobility in United States appears to be stalled or in decline. One of the main flat coats is poverty that is causing a decline. Furtherto a greater extent, the replete-poor gap that widens also has an kernel on mobility causing income in capableity. Also, European social mobility is much better than that one in the United States. nearly other factors that influence soc ial mobility include race, income, mother and father occupation, and ethnicity. Certainly, one of the reasons why social mobility in United States appears to be talled or in decline is because of poverty.The higher the individual starts on the social separate the more likely that individual will end up higher than where he or she starting signal started. The more income the p arents have will guarantee more opportunities for that person. According to Economic Mobility Project, 40% of Americans that are innate(p) in the bottom quintile remain stuck there as adults (Upper bound). That means that that almost half of that social host doesnt change their position within a social stratification system.That doesnt mean it is their fault because people that are poor start with a disadvantage. For example, according to Eric Wanner, president of the Russell Sage Foundation, Upper-income families can invest more in their kidskinrens education and they may have a better understanding of wha t it takes to get a good education. (Harder for Americans to surface From Lower Rungs by Jason DeParle). That means that a child that comes from a richer family has more educational opportunities than a child coming from the poor.Furthermore, a child oming from rich family will have a better understanding on how to succeed in school where on the other hand, child from poor family doesnt have that opportunity. However, Just 8% of American men at the bottom rose to the top fifth. That shows that even though it is difficult it is nonetheless possible. Generally speaking, the rich-poor gap that widens also has an effect on mobility causing income inequality. As the gap between rich and the poor has widened since 1970, the odds that a child that is born in poverty will climb to riches remain stuck.Same goes to child that is born rich will fall into middle class. One reason for mobility gap may be the depth of American poverty which leaves poor children starting especially far behind. Most of the time it is determined by the father and mother occupation. Based on the new entropy gathered by Bhashkar Mazumder of the Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago, he argued that 60% of a sons income is determined by the level of income of the father. (Goodbye, Horatio Alger). This means that more than half of men are dependable on their fathers income.Furthermore, this shows that the higher the income ot parents, the more opportunities the child example, researchers now estimate the elasticity of father-son earnings at 0. 5%. That means that for e real 1% increase in fathers income, his sons income will be increased or expected to increase by active 0. 5%. ((Harder for Americans to Rise From Lower Rungs). In other words, the better the income of the father, the better the income of the son. So the family background is very important in social mobility.In contrast, European social mobility is much better than that one in the United States. European countries have made serious i nvestments to create equality of opportunity for all. According to Fareed Zakaria in The downward path of upward mobility, they have extremely good childhood health and nutrition programs, and they have far better public educations systems than the United States does. Furthermore, poor children compete on a more equal footing against the rich and in the United States poor children compete for better education few locomote behind then others.

The Exploration of Womanhood in All About My Mother Essay Example for Free

The Exploration of Womanhood in solely approximately My sustain EssayIn his critically acclaimed 1999 character- capturen drama film All almost My Mother (1999) writer-director Pedro Almodovar ce handsts his reputation as an expert on the complexities and intricacies of womanhood. The film features several(prenominal) complex and multi-layered female characters that be portrayed with great emotional depth. Throughout the course of the film, these characters are forced to struggle with impediments such as loss, betrayal and societal prejudice. Yet, in the closing curtain, they triumph over these obstacles and take control of their lives. The jock of the film, Manuela, suffers the loss of her watchword, Esteban, early in the film and is prompted to go on a journey to Barcelona, where she meets other women who are pecking with their own issues in life. Through the events that take place in Manuelas life and the relationships she forms with these other female characters f ollowing Estebans sudden and tragic death, the film explores the trials and tribulations women universally face and the various ways in which they carry off and deal with these ordeals. The film besides pays homage to two of the most influential representations of female characters in cinematic score All About Eve (1950) and A Streetcar Named Desire (1951).The plot building of the film serves to chalk out the various stages that take place in Manuelas life at the wake of Estebans death, and, by extension, exposes the anatomy of how one in general deals with loss and tragedy. The film follows a linear plot structure that begins right before the death of Esteban and ends a few years later, when Manuela manages to overcome the tragedy. During the exposition, the character of Esteban and his relationship with his pose are introduced and built up. This contributes to the great shock and sympathy the audience feels when he unexpectedly dies in a car accident immediately after. The e xposition also addresses the issue of suffering the loss of a love one by mean of sequences involving the reactions of the family members of recently demised individuals. Manuelas subsequent journey to Barcelona signifies her immediate reaction to delve into the last(prenominal) and inability to move on in her life. Her goal is to locate Estebans father and inform him of his death. However, upon stretch there, she appears to begin the process of for bum aboutting her sorrows and beginning a invigorated life.When she returns on the same build up to Madrid, her priorities shift to her new-made adopted son, also named Esteban. In the concluding segments of the film, frequent jumps in time are use to endanger how life begins to move faster once Manuela is no longer holding on to her loss. In the occlusion sequence, when Manuela visits Barcelona again, all the characters are shown to have overcome the struggles of their other(prenominal) and moved on in life. The structure of t he report is quite unconventional and serves to explore the intricacies of the characters rather than present very much action. Initially, the plot seems to be goal-driven and based on uncovering Manuelas quest to find Lola Estebans father. From the beginning of the movie, suspense is created nigh the father, when Esteban repeatedly inquires about him. However, as Manuela reaches Barcelona and her life gets intertwined with other women who are trying to cope with their own problems, the plot loses a whizz of purpose and no longer has a clear direction. This lack of focus parallels Manuelas state of mind.Manuela is in a period of self-discovery and does not have a specific goal in life at this point in the narrative. It also allows the film to freely explore the lives of these different women and achieve a direct of emotional depth into their characters, and the issues they face. The audience, however, is gradually made aware of Manuelas past and her relationship with Lola. In addition, she does end up meeting Lola, even though her priorities have changed by this point. Manuelas past is bursted to be right of betrayal and loss, which puts her struggle to overcome it during the course of the movie into context. It is the struggles and triumphs of the characters in the film, led by the protagonist Manuela, that drive the narrative and keep the audience engaged. The film employs a first-person point of view, as we witness the events of the plot by dint of the eyes of Manuela. This provides an emotional connect between the audience and Manuela darn she faces the loss of her son and endeavors to recover from it.During her train journeys between Madrid and Barcelona, Manuelas inner thoughts are revealed though voice-over narrations. Each time she boards the train, she is at a different stage in her recovery process and her thoughts drastically change over time. The voice-overs help to reveal details from her past to the audience as well as her plans for the future. Although Manuela acts as the protagonist of the narrative, there are several peripheral characters in the film that help to move it forward. Upon reaching Barcelona, Manuelas life is intertwined with umteen different female characters that are struggling with their own problems. As Manuela gets progressively more involved in the lives of these characters, she begins to leave her own sorrows behind. These characters also represent the different kinds of problems women face. Manuela, Agrado and Sister Rosa are linked by the fact that the same man, Lola, has adversely affected all three of their lives. Manuela also gets entangled in the lives of Huma and Nina, when she becomes their secretary.The tolerant variety of problems these women face includes betrayal, neglect, societal prejudice and drug addiction. The ways in which they each deal with these problems also differs. They also end up helping each other in different ways to get over their troubles. These characters repre sent every woman. They play the roles of mothers, sisters, lovers and friends. They also come from different backgrounds a prostitute, a conical buoy and an actress. With Manuela at the center, the relationships that develop and grow between these female characters changes the nature of the plot from a search for Estebans father to a celebration of womanhood. It also provides hope for the future, through the solidarity of their friendship. At one point, the plot becomes more and more complex, with Manuela acting as a nurse to Sister Rosa, secretary to Huma and trying to get over her sons loss all at the same time. Yet, the manner in which these inter-relationships are presented is seamless.The script includes several recurring motifs and cultural allusions that reinstate the challenges face up historically by women and suggest different mechanisms that they have used to cope with these hardships. It is often said that life and imposture have a reciprocal relationship while artis tic production is usually based on life, life is in turn often influenced by art as well. This idea is highlighted throughout the script of All About My Mother (1999). In particular, two cinematic classics that deal with gender issues All About Eve (1950) and A Streetcar Named Desire (1951), are strongly woven into the narrative of the film. In fact, the title of the film is a reference to the title All About Eve (1950). Moreover, Almodovar draws numerous parallels between his narrative and the plots of these two films. Manuela is forced to depend on the kindness of strangers on many occasions, just like Blanche in A Streetcar Named Desire (1951). In addition, she acts as an flip for the role of Stella, usually played by Nina, and ends up giving a stellar performance connatural to the way Eve steals the role of her idol Margo in All About Eve (1950).Long sequences with scenes from a television broadcast of All About Eve (1950) and enactments of A Streetcar Named Desire also sire their way into the script. These works, through the characters of Eve Harrington, Blanche DuBois and Stella Kowalski, represent three diametrically opposite ways of dealing with the injustices faced by women. While Eve displays a ruthless ambition and drive to overcome the traditional prejudices of the theater of operations establishment against women actors, Blanche distorts her view of the world as a means of escape and Stella displays a submissive bridal to the status quo tries to adapt with the harsh realities of traditional gender roles. The female characters of All About My Mother, and especially its protagonist Manuela, adopt all three of these different stances at different periods of time in the film. Sister Rosa, much like Stella, accepts her fate without questioning when when she contracts HIV.In contrast, Agrado shows great Eve-like courage when she attempts to take control of her life through plastic surgery and when she remains unaffected by the physical and psycho logical violence of her clients. Yet, there is a part of each of these fictional icons and their ideologies in all of these characters, and in every woman in general. subterfuge in various forms, such as theatre and cinema, also acts as a structuring motif in the film. The concept of art and storytelling are touched upon through Estebans ambitions of becoming a writer, Manuelas past as an actor and the productions of A Streetcar Named Desire starring Nina and Huma. The role of art as a source of inspiration for women and its power to influence their lives is encapsulated by Humas confession, I started smoking because of Bette Davis. Moreover, the potential of art to be used as a means of escapism is exhibited through Manuelas repeated viewings of A Streetcar Named Desire after the death of Esteban. The idea of escapism as a means to cope with the harsh realities of life is further exemplified through Ninas heroin addiction.One of the most important motifs presented by the script is the train that Manuela takes to travel between Madrid and Barcelona. Each time she travels in the train, she enters a new phase of her life. The train symbolizes her ability to leave the past behind and move on. Through All About My Mother (1999), Almodovar pays tribute to the female gender and its cultural icons. The film is a celebration of all that it means to be a woman. It is also reminiscent of the strong and influential female characters in film history. In fact, he expressly conveys these sentiments in the acknowledgments at the closing of the film, To Bette Davis, Gena Rowlands, Romy Schneider. To all actresses who have played actresses, to all women who act, to men who act and become women, to all people who want to become mothers. To my mother. By closely blending a unique plot structure, strong character building and the use of cultural allusions, Almodovar creates a film that is unconventional, yet, simple.

Why you choose Emory as a possible college choice Essay Example for Free

Why you choose Emory as a possible college choice EssayPrior to the Berlin Blockade, France and Great Britain were exploiting the Germans for repayment of their WWII effort. They were, in effect, funneling the marshal Plan cash intended for Germany into their own countries. The need for cooperation among West Europeans to overcome the Blockade by means of an airlift helped to convert France and Great Britain and others that a stronger West Germany was necessary. Otherwise, a weak West Germany would lead to repeated attempts at coup detat or disruption by the Soviets. Economic cooperation among the West European nations via the Marshall Plan had been one of the in demand(p) features of the Plan from the outset. The Berlin Blockade, as a part of the cold warfare, reinforced this aspect. Not only was there a necessity for economic cooperation to the point of economic integration, but military cooperation could provide safety from subversion in westerly Europe. Therefore, mutual defense pacts were instituted as a part of the North American Treaty physical composition (NATO).This was the first long term military alliance that the United States had ever entered into (Kunz par. 3). It meant a recognition that American interests, necessitating a continuing American effort, were at stake in the coolness War in Europe. It meant that westerly Europeans had to have a greater degree of economic and military cooperation than ever before to thwart the Soviet threat. Marshall Plan aid gave the West Europeans room to maneuver for opposition and bought time to further this maneuver.The Marshall Plan pushed the recipient countries toward financial stability to fewer controls than a planned economy would have, and opened these countries to trade. For every dollar the West European country received, the provisions of the Marshall Plan stipulated that the country also entrap up a dollar of their currency and the administrators of the Plan ensured that external and inter nal expenditures of that country went to further the goals of the Plan. relatively soon after the Marshall Plan was proposed and certainly by the time it was signed into law, the Plan guide the United States charge in the Cold War against Soviet interests. If Western Europe had succumbed to Soviet pressures, the Cold War might have continued to this day and perhaps a worst outcome than that would nowadays be a part of contemporary history. The Cold War was also waged by means other than the economic ones since propaganda, assassination, and proxy wars were going full blast until the fall of the Soviets in 1991.The existence of launch codes and the answer of scenarios for nuclear war were in place during the Cold War. Fortunately, the Marshall Plan succeeded. In fact it has been called an pyrotechnic success with the resulting stable countries as being the envy of the world (DeLong and Eichengreen 1). The Plan alone did not free Western Europe. It created and helped to maintain an economic environment that allowed of a mix of market forces and government regulation. Too frequently either way could have made for many difficulties. It did allow victory in the Cold War in Western Europe.Communist influence in the region was greatly reduced. The cooperation on economic matters within Western Europe was extended to NATO. NATO survived the end of the Marshall Plan. The Plan ended in 1951, as scheduled. Its lengthiness was prevented by the rising costs of the Korean War and increased opposition to the Plan in the US Congress. By then the Marshall Plan had done its work. It had become the basis for the political and economic Western alliance as it waged the Cold War.Works CitedCold War. 19 Nov. 2005. Wikipedia. 17 Nov. 2005.

The Introduction To The Education System Education Essay

The Introduction To The culture System Education EssayIn my previous attain authority and among the colleagues, we would talk round our children and their education experience and shargon notes and tips rear on our personal experiences. There were really no major challenges. It never occurs to me that there argon politic many children who are not in the approximately favor suit fit condition to go do and to be what they raise be. Being in the school has allowed me to interact with the children and agree more than about the challenges they face every day, at home and in school.I was bought up and educated in the old days where it was very instructor directed on the blackboard. Our cognition was learnt from textbooks, enhanced through pen and paper practices and drills and instructions were duly terminate due to fear of being punished or ridiculed. There were no special read students, fair(a) naughty and lazy students whom the teachers gave up trying to teach them any thing.The education system now is very divergent and my son, who is currently in Primary Six, is going through it. The current system aims to provide education equality, providing students of diametric acquire competency the opportunity to be the best that they potbelly be. It is no longer through pen and paper unaccompanied, different types of manipulative and technologies come into use. Being untrained, I wonder how I am able to face and teach a class of 40 children, with different acquisition abilities and from diverse background.Before glide path into cookery, I had practically little or no familiarity of the jargons, pedagogies or methodology used in education. I was not sure whether the method I was using to impart knowledge was applicable in the current context. I reckon that the children will be able to feel if a teacher is guileless or not and they will be on task for the teacher if they merchantman feel that sincerity. When I was a new student in a new petty (a) school at secondary ii, the teacher-in-charge of the National Police Cadet Corps (NPCC), Mr Yang, made sure that I was on par with the slackening of the cadets and that I was not left behind. That gave me the motivation to excel and I was awarded the Best Unit Cadet in secondary four. This has as well as given me the passion to continue to serve in NPCC in Junior College, University and til now until now, I am still an adult volunteer in a secondary school as an Honorary Officer. I understand how a teacher can affect the students motivation and passion.I believe that different children learn at different pace and in different style and are able to excel in different areas. I ilk the quote by Albert Einstein, Everybody is a genius. But, if you judge a fish by its ability to climb a tree, itll spend its whole life believing that it is stupid. In Singapores Education System, every child is given equal opportunity for an education. And because every child is different, the reso urces required to abet each of them would be different. The high ability child should be stretched further while the lower ability child must be given more support. Being untrained, I gave extra lesson to the weaker children before and afterward school as I was not sure how to carry out differentiated learning in class. I wonder if there is a different way of doing this, especially for some of the children who aim learning difficulties.As a Physical Education teacher, I enjoy physical activities and sports and I believe that children learn through play because it is enjoyable. But playing the game and teaching the game are totally two different things. Being untrained, I have limited resources and much time was spent on the profit looking for suitable activities for the children of different levels. I too need to ensure that the activities are conducted in a safe environment with the appropriate equipment.I once read a book flip Your Questions, Change Your Life 10 Powerful Tool s for Life and Work by Marilee Adams. It changed the way I ask questions. sort of of asking why it happened, whose fault it was and what was wrong, I ask questions like how it can be done and what was working. By changing the questions, we direct our attention to positive feelings, possibilities and solutions. In school, I would sometime hear remarks like they are unable to excel because of their family background or they are at a disadvantage because other students are smarter or richer. I would ask them to change their questions. Instead of asking why they cannot do it, they should ask how they can do it which would direct them to search for solutions that would help them happen upon their goals. I believe that by getting the children to have the right mindset and ask the right question, they are able to resolve challenges and achieve our potential.After plan of attack into National Institute of Education (NIE) for training, my philosophy has not changed. Rather, it has been fu rther enhanced and strengthened by the knowledge and skills gained through the different academic and curriculum subjects. Teaching and Managing Learners has provided valuable knowledge and tips about effective communication, schoolroom and sitting constitution and classroom management so that learners with different learning abilities or special require can learn together.For meaning(prenominal) learning to take place, the environment has to be safe and inclusive. From prior knowledge acquired in the Education Psychology module, I can better understand the psychosociable challenge or crisis face up by the learners in the different developmental stages (Erikson, 1968). So as a beginning teacher, I need to know what kind of safe and inclusive environment is best so that everyone can learn and achieve their own best an environment that the learners can learn without fear and at their own pace. It was interesting to acquire how each group present their own ideas during class. Som e did it through picture, some through words and the medicine teachers did it through music. All these give me ideas on how I can create such an environment. But most substantially, the environment has to be owned by the students. The whole class has to agree to a set of satisfactory behaviour and consequences. This will set the ground rules and routines for a constructive learning environment.As there may be learners with different learning or physical disabilities, I must ensure that the classroom arrangement is such that it would accommodate the special needs of the learners. Learners with hearing impairments must be placed in anterior and conscious effort must be made to pronounce the words carefully. For learners who are easily distracted, they should be seated away from areas of high activity like the door and windows. And for learners who are left-handed, they should preferably sit on the left hand side of the table arrangement.Besides academic, learners also need to learn proper social behaviour and values. Learners see teachers as their role models. So, if the teacher is sensitive and caring to the children, they too will learn how to show care and concern to each other. And through activities like collaborative learning, peer teaching, think-pair-share, the children learn about sharing and cooperation. These are values which are important to their future and can be taught through cursory interaction and activities with the learners. Hence, meaningful lesson plan is very important.As learners may come from diverse social frugal background, I need to ensure that each is given opportunity and access to the many different technologies and gadgets. With a well-planned classroom layout, different activities can be carried out simultaneously and smoothly. I can make the classroom more efficient for activities to encourage differentiated learning. Learners with learning disability also learn better through interactive and interesting computer games and gadgets. So together with knowledge learned from the ICT for Meaningful Learning module, I can better use ICT to enhance the learning experience of the learners. A good classroom layout also facilitates smooth transition of one activity to another and great classroom management skill.Besides the learning environment, the teachers ability to deliver the content is also very important to their learning. Teachers should not just teach content, they should also check for understanding while teaching. To check for understanding, the learners must be able to explain with new examples and accommodate the concept in other areas. This understanding process is a continuous one ((Blythe Associates, 1998). Managing small-group and independent work is an important skill for the teacher so as to ensure that the lesson can be carried out smoothly.I know that praise is important to learners as it reinforces good behavior and reaffirm their effort in learning. done this course, I also realize tha t there are different types of praise. Ginott (1965) divided praises into evaluative and grateful. He suggested that appreciative praise should be used as it affirms their effort and achievement. Evaluative praise should be avoided as it places a burden on the learner that he is no good if certain thing is not done (Manning, 2007).Communication is another important factor to encourage teaching and learning. While we want to build reverberance with our learners, we must also be able to assert expected behaviors from them. This course also provides tips on how we can use positive and effective communication to create such an environment that encourages learning. When we have understanding and free-spoken communication with our learners, they are more willing to keep on learning. Punishment should be discouraged as it only tries to avoid future punishment instead of learning self-discipline. Sarcasm and ridicule should also be avoided as it destroys their self-confidence and self-est eem.Besides the teachers, other partners like the parents, caregivers or tuition teachers also play an important role in the learners learning process. Communication and collaboration among these parties is crucial regardless whether the child has any learning disability or special need. It is very important that all parties monitor and intervene or seek help from experts should they notice that there is little progress in their learning. When there is communication and common understanding, a common approach can then be used at home, in school or in the tuition agency. When the learners are not confused, they can learn better.As a PE teacher, not only do I need to maintain a great learning environment in the classroom, I also need to have great management skill outside the classroom. Through the other PE modules like Principles of Games, Instructional Methods and Instructional Strategies, I now have a vast repertoire of activities and variations that can render to the different learners of different ability. Activities can be differentiated to suit the different skill level of the diverse learners. Activities can also be modified to cater to the learners with physical disabilities. I am now more confident to be able to conduct meaningful and enjoyable lessons which train their fundamental movement skills crucial for their growth and development.I believe that every child wants to learn and can learn, especially if it is fun. So with the training in NIE, I am able to create an environment that is conducive and fun for learning, a place where the learners like to come to learn and share. I can design and plan lessons that are both meaningful and fun and cater to the differentiated learners in the class. I hope to be able to equip my learners with the infallible skills and correct mindset to succeed and be the best that they can be.(Word count 1999)